Measurement Development of Health Literacy and Unwanted Pregnancy Prevention Behavior for Thai Female Adolescents
Keywords:
measurement, health literacy, adolescent pregnancy, /unwanted pregnancy preventing, sexual risk behavior, path modelAbstract
The unwanted pregnancy rate of Thai female adolescents under 20 years of age was as high as 14.7 percent, which was more than 10 percent of the World Health Organization standard. Thus, this research aims to 1) develop a Health Literacy (HL) Scale for unwanted pregnancy prevention of Thai female adolescents, 2) evaluate the level of HL of Thai female adolescents, and 3) confirm the path model of HL that influences the unwanted pregnancy preventing behaviors. The subjects used to test the research hypothesis were adolescents aged 15 to 21 years old of 2,001 subjects by stratified random sampling and quota sampling including 500 subjects per each of 4 regions in Thailand. The results showed that: 1) the HL Scale was a five-level scale questionnaire in total 71 items, with a reliability of Cranach’s alpha-coefficient between .847 to .928 and a good range of factor loading from .403 to .834, 2) the overall HL of the subjects was at the low level for 95.5 percent. The unwanted pregnancy preventing behaviors were at the fair level for 51.4 percent of total subjects, at a low level and very good at 46.7 and 1.8 3 percent respectively, and 3) the path model of HL that influence health behaviors were consistent with the empirical data with a Chi-Square=321.08, df=29, pvalue=0.00, RMSEA=.071, GFI=0.96, CFI= 0.96 as the illustrations show. It was also found that Health Literacy skills directly influenced on unwanted pregnancy preventing behaviors.Finally, basic/functional Health literacy had a significant indirect relationship with unwanted pregnancy preventing behaviors through communicative/interactive health literacy and critical health literacy; the weights of influence were .26, .86 and .43 respectively. Therefore, the promotion guideline on the unwanted pregnancy preventing behaviors should be beginning by evaluating HL levels of the female adolescents, and then developing program for enrichment each HL level related sexual risk behavior and technics to prevent pregnancy.
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บทความที่ตีพิมพ์และแผนภูมิรูปภาพถือเป็นลิขสิทธิ์ของวารสารพยาบาลสาธารณสุข (Thai Public Health Nurses Association)
