Effect of a Health Belief Promotion Program on Behaviors for Delaying Diabetic Nephropathy among Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes at Banlat District, Phetchaburi Province
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Abstract
This quasi-experimental research utilized a pretest-posttest control group design. The objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of a Health Belief Promotion Program on behaviors aimed at delaying Diabetic Nephropathy. The sample consisted of 78 older adults with Type 2 Diabetes, selected through simple random sampling and divided into two groups: an experimental group (n = 39) that received the 12-week program and a control group (n = 39). Data were collected using a knowledge questionnaire with a Kuder–Richardson 21 reliability coefficient of .85 and a health behavior questionnaire with a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of .86. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and t-tests.
The results revealed that after participating in the program, the experimental group of older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus had significantly higher mean scores for kidney-slowing behaviors and knowledge regarding the prevention of kidney degeneration than before the intervention (t = 14.17, 11.00; p < .01). These scores were also significantly higher than those of the control group (t = 12.99, 5.13; p < .001). Furthermore, the experimental group’s mean blood glucose level was significantly lower than before the intervention (t = 2.75, p = .04) and lower than the control group (t = 6.17, p < .001).
Healthcare providers should apply this approach to promote preventive behaviors against complications in diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), thereby improving their long-term quality of life.
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