Development and Effectiveness Evaluation of a Spiritual Dimension Nursing Model on Anxiety and Quality of Life in Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy at Nakornping Hospital
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Abstract
This research and development study aimed to develop and evaluate a spiritual nursing care model for cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. The study was conducted in three phases: 1) exploration of the current situation and problems in spiritual nursing care, 2) development of a spiritual nursing care model, and 3) evaluation of the model’s effectiveness. The sample consisted of 64 cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, assigned to an experimental group (n = 32) and a control group (n = 32). Data were collected using the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy questionnaire, with Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of .92 and .87, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and t-tests. The findings revealed that
1. Major problems and barriers to spiritual nursing care include excessive workload and limited time, lack of clear practice guidelines, non-conducive care environments, and difficulties in communicating about spiritual issues. The developed spiritual nursing care model comprises five components: compassion and understanding, listening and perceptual skills, spiritual knowledge and experience, holistic care, and integration of spirituality into nursing practice. Model implementation involved four processes: spiritual needs assessment, individualized care planning, implementation of the care plan, and continuous evaluation and follow-up.
2. The experimental group demonstrated significantly lower anxiety scores compared with pretest (t = 3.50, p < .001) and the control group (t = 2.09, p < .05). In addition, quality of life scores in the experimental group are significantly higher than at pretest (t = 3.02, p < .01) and compare with the control group (t = 4.55, p < .01).
It is recommended that nursing administrators support training programs to enhance nurses’ spiritual care competencies, allocate adequate time and resources, and establish systematic policies to integrate spiritual care into routine nursing practice.
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