The Effect of the Dietary Control Program through Telehealth on Food Consumption Behaviors in Patients withType 2 Diabetes
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Abstract
This quasi-experimental research, employing a two-group pretest-posttest design, aimed to examine the effect of a dietary control program delivered via telehealth on food consumption behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes. Seventy-two participants, aged 18 to 59 years, from the Endocrine and Metabolism Unit at Vajira Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, were selected by purposive sampling. They were divided into an experimental group (n = 36), which received the dietary control program through telehealth, and a control group (n = 36), which received standard nursing care. Participants were matched based on similar characteristics such as gender, age, and education level. Data were collected using a dietary behavior assessment questionnaire for diabetic patients, which a Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient of .72. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).
After the intervention, the mean dietary behavior score in the experimental group (M = 61.89, SD = 7.17) was significantly higher than before the intervention (M = 53.47, SD = 7.56), with a statistically significant difference (t = 9.071, p < .001). The ANCOVA results showed that after controlling for pre-experimental knowledge, diabetic patients who received the program had significantly higher dietary behavior scores than the control group (M = 58.39, SD = 6.55) (F = 61.99, p < .001).
Telehealth is an effective method for improving food consumption behaviors among patients with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, it is recommended that this program be further developed and applied to promote healthy dietary behaviors among patients with other chronic illnesses.
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