The Effects of Implementing Nothing Per Oral (NPO) Guideline in Mothers Undergoing Cesarean Section on Newborn Blood Glucose Levels at Health Promotion Hospital, Regional Health Promotion Center 5 Ratchaburi
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Abstract
This quasi-experimental study, a two-group posttest-only design aimed to compare neonatal blood glucose levels among infants were born to mothers undergoing cesarean sections under two different fasting guidelines: a new fasting and the traditional fasting protocol. Conducted between February and August 2024, the study included 62 pregnant women undergoing elective cesarean sections at the Health Promotion Hospital, Health Center Region 5, Ratchaburi. Participants were purposively selected and divided into an experimental group (n = 31) and a control group (n = 31). Data collection instruments included three forms: maternal demographic and clinical records, neonatal data records, and a neonatal hypoglycemia screening tool adapted from the neonatal hypoglycemia management guidelines of the Royal College of Pediatricians of Thailand. The content validity of the instruments was verified by three experts, achieving a content validity index (CVI) of .95. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and paired t-tests.
Results revealed that neonates in the experimental group had significantly higher mean umbilical cord blood glucose levels compared to the control group. Additionally, the mean scores for neonatal hypoglycemia screening were significantly lower in the experimental group. These differences were statistically significant at the .05 level (t = 1.89, -1.65; p = .03, .04, respectively).
The new fasting guideline demonstrates effectiveness in reducing the risk of neonatal hypoglycemia in infants born to mothers undergoing cesarean sections. The guideline offers a promising approach to preoperative preparation, mitigating potential complications associated with neonatal hypoglycemia. It could be further adapted for use in other surgical disciplines.
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