Nursing care of patients who undergoing the kidney and urinary function examination by intravenous contrast injection: 2 case studies

Abstract

Abstract Introduction: The use of contrast media in radiological examinations in the diagnosis of patients with kidney and urinary system function. There is a chance of adverse reactions from using radiopaque contrast agents. Some patients may die from allergic reactions. The close observation and monitoring of symptoms at every stage of testing including providing the quick assistance and performing of using  nursing process correctly and completely in every step will keep the patients safe and receive accurate diagnosis.Objective: To study the nursing process used in the nursing care for patients who undergoing the kidney and urinary function examination by intravenous contrast injection.Methods: Two cases of patients who undergoing the kidney and urinary function examination with intravenous contrast injection were analyzed using the nursing process.Results: The results showed that there were 6 similar nursing diagnoses of nursing care in patients who underwent the kidney and urinary function examination with intravenous contrast injection in 3 stage as follows: the preparing of examination period; 1) having anxiety about the diagnostic and injecting contrast material into the vessel due to lack of knowledge and proper behavior after receiving radiopaque contrast. During the examination; 2) having a risk of severe allergic reaction to radiopaque contrast media 3) having a chance of leakage of radiopaque contrast media from the veins. After examination period ; 4) risk of severe allergic reaction to radiopaque contrast material. 5) risk of adverse reactions related to the kidneys due to early kidney function impairment 6) Lack of self- care  knowledge for proper behavior after receiving radiopaque contrast. There are 2 items of nursing diagnosis were different in preparing of examination period as follow; 1) postponing the diagnosis of the urinary system by injecting contrast material due to incorrect physical preparation before the examination cause by cognitive impairment. 2) fear of the diagnostic test results.  Nursing outcomes showed that all problems were resolved, and nursing care was planned. Both patients recovered well, safe and were discharged from the hospital.Utilization: The results of the study were developed into nursing practice guidelines, clinical supervision manual and experimental research to study the model of nursing care for patients who undergoing the kidney and urinary function examination by intravenous contrast injection.

Keywords : Intravenous Pyelography, IVP

*Registered Nurse, Professional Level, Khon Kaen Hospital