Factors associated with job retention among caregivers of dependent older adults in the long-term care system, Khon Kaen Province

Abstract

This analytical cross-sectional study aimed to examine factors associated with job retention among caregivers (CGs) of dependent older adults in the long-term care (LTC) system in Khon Kaen Province, Thailand. The sample consisted of 214 CGs aged 18–65 years who had completed the 70-hour caregiver training program of the Department of Health and were actively working in the provincial LTC system. A multistage sampling technique with proportional allocation was applied to ensure representativeness across administrative areas. Data were collected using four questionnaires assessing 1) personal factors (general information, knowledge of elderly care, stress, attitudes, caregiving experience, CG work experience, workload, and health status) 2) motivational factors and 3) social support. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Spearman’s rank correlation (), and Eta correlation coefficient (η).

The results showed statistically significant positive correlations (p < 0.001) between job retention and social support (=0.668), attitudes ( = 0.569), motivation ( = 0.452), duration of CG experience (η = 0.484), knowledge of elderly care ( = 0.294), education level (η = 0.289), income sufficiency (η= 0.259), primary occupation (η= 0.224), monthly income (η= 0.217), and living status (η= 0.153). Stress was negatively correlated with job retention ( = -0.406). The findings highlight that receiving social support, adequate motivation, positive attitudes, and sufficient knowledge enhance confidence and satisfaction in CG roles, thereby promoting job retention. To strengthen the sustainability of the LTC workforce, strategies should focus on capacity building for CGs, recognition and appreciation activities, and integrated community-based support from all relevant sectors.