Health promotion behaviors and factors predicting health promotion behaviors among pregnant women receiving antenatal care services in Nakhon Ratchasima Province
Keywords:
antenatal care service, health promotion behaviors, pregnant womenAbstract
This predictive correlational study aimed to investigate health-promoting behaviors and identify factors predicting such behaviors among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Nakhon Ratchasima Province. The sample consisted of 210 pregnant women selected through multistage sampling. The research instrument was a questionnaire with item-objective congruence (IOC) values ranging from 0.66 to 1.00. The reliability coefficients included a KR-20 of 0.77 for Part 2, and Cronbach’s alpha values of 0.90 and 0.83 for Parts 3 and 4, respectively. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis.
The findings revealed that pregnant women demonstrated overall health promotion behaviors at a high level ( = 3.71, SD = 0.32), with all six dimensions of health promotion behaviors scoring at high level. The average scores were ranked from highest to lowest as follows: 1) health responsibility (
= 3.81, SD = 0.21) 2) spiritual development (
= 3.74, SD = 0.35) 3) nutrition (
= 3.71, SD = 0.26) 4) interpersonal relationships (
= 3.69, SD = 0.36) 5) physical activities (
= 3.65, SD = 0.33) 6) relaxation and stress management (
= 3.65, SD = 0.38). Four predictive factors for health promotion behaviors among pregnant women were identified: 1) attitudes toward health promotion behaviors (β = 0.263, p < 0.001), 2) social support from close people and healthcare providers (β = 0.242, p < 0.001), 3) perceived benefits of engaging in health promotion behaviors (β = 0.216, p = 0.002), and 4) perceived barriers to engaging in health promotion behaviors (β = 0.155, p = 0.041). These factors collectively predicted 56.90% of the variance in health promotion behaviors among pregnant women (
= 0.569, p < 0.01).
The research findings provide healthcare professionals with guidelines for planning care for pregnant women, emphasizing activities that promote positive attitudes toward health promotion behaviors, enhance perceived benefits of engaging in health promotion behaviors, address perceived barriers to engaging in health promotion behaviors, and strengthen social support from close people and healthcare providers
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