Effects of health promotion program on knowledge, attitudes, and health behaviors among older adults in Phitsanulok Province
Keywords:
knowledge, attitudes, health promotion program, older adults, health behaviorsAbstract
This quasi-experimental research employing a two-group pre-posttest design aimed to investigate the effects of a health promotion program on knowledge, attitudes, and health behaviors among older adults. The sample consisted of 70 older adults in Muang District, Phitsanulok Province, who were purposively selected based on inclusion criteria: aged 60-69 years and ADL scores greater than 11 points. They were equally divided into an experimental and a control group, 35 people in each group. The experimental group received a health promotion program based on Pender's model comprising: 1) health promotion based on wisdom and experience, 2) learning to promote health through learning modules, 3) knowledge exchange to reduce barriers to practice, and 4) monitoring of health-promoting behaviors. The control group received standard care according to Ministry of Public Health guidelines. The data collection tools included a demographic record form, a knowledge tests, an attitude questionnaire, and a health behavior questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used for demographic data. The differences in demographic data between the experimental and control groups were analyzed using Chi-square statistics. The comparison of mean scores was analyzed using independent and dependent t-test statistics.
Results revealed that, after the intervention, the experimental group demonstrated statistically significantly higher mean scores in knowledge, attitude, and health behavior compared to before the experiment (t=-12.79, p<.001), as well as statistically significantly higher scores than the control group (t=14.43, p<.001). These findings indicated that Pender's health promotion program effectively enhances knowledge, attitudes, and health behaviors among older adults. The program should be implemented as a guideline for promoting health behaviors in the elderly. However, long-term health outcomes should be continuously monitored.
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