Successful outcomes of treatment for patients with Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) in the fiscal year 2018-2020 Under the Communicable Diseases Act B.E. 2558 (2015).

Abstract

This study was a descriptive study. The objectives are to (1) Evaluate the compliance with legal measures; (2) Study associated factors with XDR-TB treatment outcomes; (3) Study factors affecting the enforcement of legal measures that affect treatment reduce delays in diagnosis (4) Study problems and obstacles in complying with legal measures according to this Communicable Disease Act B.E. 2558 (A.D. 2015) in XDR-TB registered in the fiscal year 2018-2020 which conducted from February 8, 2018 - September 30, 2020, totaling 64 cases. The data consisted of XDR-TB information from National tuberculosis information program, outbreak reports, outbreak investigation reports, lessons learned reports. Statistics used include: Descriptive statistics and analytical statistics using Chi-Square Tests.

Results: There was the treatment success rate of XDR-TB patients was 62.5%. In addition, the patient registered in NTIP and initiated XDR-TB treatment was 82.8%. According to legal measures, the study found that 51.6% of XDR-TB patients was notified within 3 hours after confirmatory test. XDR-TB patients were isolated, quarantined and monitored was 98.4%. And the factors that are related to the success of the XDR-TB patients significantly, such as the risk population of tuberculosis (P-value = 0.035), comorbid diseases (P-value = 0.024) Assessment results before to registration for XDR-TB treatment (P-value = 0.021) XDR-TB suspected group (P-value = 0.022), patients whom had been registered TB in NTIP (P-value = 0.049) and isolation, quarantine and observed in the XDR-TB hub (P-value = 0.001).

The success of disease control and treatment should use legal measures to encourage screening of XDR-TB suspected cases and referral for microbiological diagnosis. Moreover, strengthening TB consultant networking in the national, regional and provincial levels be able to provide fast-track services of diagnosis and treatment. Also, continuously monitored with a multidisciplinary team.