Development of an Educational Application on the Mechanism of Normal Labor for Bachelor of Nursing Science Students

Abstract

This research and development study aimed to develop a learning application on the mechanism of normal labor for Bachelor of Nursing Science students. The study was conducted in four phases: 1) needs assessment and instructional media analysis, 2) application development and testing, 3) implementation of the application in actual teaching, and 4) satisfaction evaluation. Participants were 74 third-year nursing students from a nursing college. Research instruments included a semi-structured interview guide, the developed application on normal labor mechanisms, a pre-posttest (20 items, KR-21 = .77), and a satisfaction questionnaire (18 items, α = .87). All instruments underwent content validity assessment by experts and were refined to achieve an Item-Objective Congruence Index above .50 for each item. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis, while quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Paired Sample t-tests were used to compare mean scores and the E1/E2 formula was applied to evaluate instructional media efficiency.

Results: Students had expressed the need for user-friendly media with explanatory images and short videos. Therefore. the researchers developed an application that exceeded the predetermined E1/E2 efficiency criteria of 80/80. Upon implementation, the experimental group's post-test scores (Mean = 16.23, S.D. = 1.85) were significantly higher than pre-test scores (Mean = 8.30, S.D. = 2.24); t (29) = -16.153, p = .01. The final E1/E2 efficiency was 80.82/81.17. Students reported the highest level of satisfaction with the application (Mean = 4.64, S.D. = .35). This development resulted in an efficient application that nursing education institutions should consider adopting as supplementary teaching material in maternal-newborn nursing and midwifery courses.