Effect of a Self-efficacy Promoting Program on Self-care Behavior for Patients with Hypertension in Mueang Phrae district, Phrae Province

Abstract

This research had a quasi-experimental, two-group, pre-post-test design. The objective of the study was to examine the effect of a self-efficacy promoting program on the self-care behavior for patients with hypertension. The participants were patients diagnosed with hypertension and treated with medications in Mueang Phrae District, Phrae Province. The sample was divided into an experimental group of 26 people and a control group of 26 people. The data was collected from September to October 2022. The research instrument was a self-perception program for hypertension patients with an item-content validity index (I-CVI) = 0.8. Research instruments for data collection were a demographic data form and a blood pressure control behavior questionnaire with a CVI = 1 and .90, respectively. Reliability value of the Cronbrach’s alpha coefficient of the blood pressure control behavior questionnaire was 0.71. Descriptive statistics, paired T-test statistics, independent T-tests, Wilcoxon signed rank tests, and Mann Whitney tests were used to analyze the data.

The results: The sample was composed of 52 people. Most of them were female, and the average age of the experimental group was 59.50 (Mean = 59.50, S.D. ± 7.89) and of the control group was 62.23 (Mean = 62.23, S.D.±7.75). The general data of the experimental group and the control group were not different at p> .05. After the experiment, self-care behavior scores in the experimental group were higher than in the control group (Mean = 43.77, S.D. ± 4.8 and 41.42, S.D. ± 5.9 respectively), but were not statistically different at  p = 15. After using the program, there was a statistically significant decrease in their blood pressure compared to before the program (Mean = 127.96, S.D. ± 11.52; Mean = 139.38, S.D. ± 10.14) at p<.001. The effect of self-efficacy promoting program on self-care behavior for patients with hypertension enabled enhanced self-care behavior in patients with hypertension.