ผลของโปรแกรมสร้างเสริมสุขภาพต่อพฤติกรรมการป้องกันโรคเบาหวานของกลุ่มเสี่ยงโรคเบาหวานในโรงพยาบาลส่งเสริมสุขภาพตำบล

Wimol Onsaeng; Hathairat Kratai Noi; Kanjana Kongngern; Kanyanat Boonthai; wasana Boonyamanee*

Authors

Wimol Onsaeng Facuity of Nursing Uttaradit Rajabhat University, Uttaradit
Hathairat Kratai Noi Facuity of Nursing Uttaradit Rajabhat University, Uttaradit
Kanjana Kongngern Hat Kruat Subdistrict Health Promoting Hospital
Kanyanat Boonthai Hat Kruat Subdistrict Health Promoting Hospital
wasana Boonyamanee* Facuity of Nursing Uttaradit Rajabhat University, Uttaradit

Keywords:

Empowerment, Prediabetes, Health promotion programs, Diabetes prevention behaviors

Abstract

Diabetes is a growing public health, particularly among working-age and older with unhealthy lifestyle behaviors. This two-group pretest–posttest quasi-experimental study aimed to diabetes prevention behaviors among individuals with prediabetes at Hat Kruat Sub-district Health Promoting Hospital, Mueang District, Uttaradit Province. before and after receiving a health promotion program based on Gibson’s empowerment model. The sample consisted of 70 individuals aged 35 years or older who were at risk of diabetes, divided into an experimental group and a control group, with 35 participants in each group. The intervention consisted of a health promotion program based on the empowerment model, consisting of 6 sessions over 8 weeks. Activities included education, energy calculation training, exercise, individual counseling, goal setting and behavior modification guidelines, knowledge sharing, and home visits. The control group received standard health care. A questionnaire on diabetes prevention behaviors related to diet and exercise was also administered. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for the exercise and nutritional questionnaires were both .81. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and paired t-tests and independent t-tests. The results showed that after the intervention, the experimental group had significantly higher mean scores for exercise behavior (t=2.94, p<0.05) and dietary behavior (t=2.08, p<0.05). However, there were no statistically significant differences in both health behavior scores between the experimental and control groups (p>.05). The health promotion program improved diabetes prevention behaviors related to diet and exercise. Healthcare personnel can apply this program to appropriate groups at risk of diabetes.

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