Prevalence of antigen E and antigen c in pediatric thalassemia of Pranangklao hospital.

Abstract

Rh blood group system is clinical significant for blood transfusion, while can lead to hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) and hemolytic transfusion reaction (HTR). Rh blood group system consists of 5 antigens ; D, C, c, E, and e. Antigen D is the most important, due to its most ability to produce antibodies and the minor rank as  c > E > C > e, respectively. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of antigen E and antigen c in pediatric thalassemia at Pranangklao hospital, Nonthaburi province. This is a retrospective study, based on medical record of pediatric thalassemia which received treatment through blood transfusion.  Blood test on red blood cell typing to detect antigen E and antigen c on surface of red blood cells during B.E. 2553-2558 was performed. For 54-pediatric thalassemic specimens, 55.56% had no antigen E and c, 33.32% had both antigen E and c, 5.56% had only antigen E and 5.56% had only antigen c on surface of red blood cells. The patients with no antigen E and c on surface of red blood cells have the chace to stimulate the antibody E and c production after receiving blood transfusion with these antigens. This study, provides the knowledge for preparing compatible blood of pediatric thalassemic patients regularly and long term receiving blood transfusion. This may help reduction of immunization and prevention complications from adverse reaction after blood transfusion.