Screening of anticancer activity from Streptomyces spp.

Abstract

The study was aimed to evaluate anticancer activity from Streptomyces spp. Human mouth carcinoma cell line (CLS-354 cell) was used as a cell model for cytotoxicity testing. Culture broth and whole cell lysates obtained from three isolates of Streptomyces spp. (CO4, WU6 and WU10) were evaluated for anticancer activity in comparison with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), known as anticancer drug. Anticancer activity was markedly observed from lyophilized culture broth obtained from CO4 > WU6 > WU10. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) obtained from CO4, WU6, and WU10 was 5 mg protein/ml (5.88 mg/ml), 31 mg protein/ml (34.83 mg/ml), and 23 mg protein/ml (25.62 mg/ml), respectively. Whole cell lysates obtained from CO4 revealed IC₅₀ of 78 mg protein/ml. The lysates from WU6 or WU10 revealed IC₅₀ of more than 625 mg protein/ml. This was suggested that lyophilized culture broth obtained from Streptomyces spp. was more potent anticancer activity than did whole cell lysates. Anticancer drug, 5-FU was more efficient than lyophilized culture broth obtained from Streptomyces spp with IC₅₀ of 0.75 mg/ml. This may depend on the purity of bioactive compounds produced from Streptomyces spp. Thus, Streptomyces spp. may provide promising sources of anticancer bioactive agents which need to be further evaluated.