Validity and reliability of 30-second chair-stand test and modified 30-second chair-stand test in obese older adults
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Abstract
Obesity in older adults can negatively affect muscle strength and balance, putting them at a greater risk of falling and experiencing mobility limitations. While the 30-second chair-stand test (30sCST) is widely used to assess lower limb strength, its validity and reliability have not been well established in obese older individuals, who may face unique physical challenges. Additionally, a modified version of the test (m30sCST), which involves standing up from a foam surface with eyes closed, may help reveal more subtle balance impairments that are not captured by the standard version. However, this version has also not been properly validated by this population Assessing the reliability and validity of both tests in obese older adults is important to ensure whether these tools can accurately identify individuals at higher risk of falling—allowing for earlier, more targeted interventions to prevent falls and support safe aging. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the concurrent validity and reliability of 30sCST and m30sCST in obese older adults. Twenty-six community-dwelling obese older adults aged 60 years and over participated in this study. All participants completed the 30sCST and m30sCST, along with the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test and the modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction on Balance (m-CTSIB). Validity was assessed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient to examine the relationship between 30sCST and m30sCST with TUG and m-CTSIB. Reliability was determined by administering the 30sCST and m30sCST twice, five days apart. Intra-rater reliability was assessed using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC3,2). The results showed that both the 30sCST and the m30sCST were significantly correlated with the TUG (r = -0.54 and – 0.52) and m-CTSIB test (r = -0.53 and – 0.52). In addition, both 30sCST and m30sCST have good intra-rater reliability with an ICC of 0.98. The results suggest that both the 30sCST and m30sCST are reliable and valid tools for assessing balance in obese older adults. These findings highlight the potential of the 30sCST and m30sCST as practical balance assessment tools in clinical settings.
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