The prevalence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in Trat province, eastern Thailand
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Abstract
The most prevalent X-linked enzymopathy in Thailand is glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. The eastern Thailand border region is at risk of developing drug-resistant malaria and the frequency of G6PD deficiency and the characterization of G6PD variants are unclear. A fluorescent spot test (FST), quantitative G6PD activity assay, and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) to identify common G6PD variants were used to evaluate the prevalence of G6PD deficiency. G6PD deficiency was found in 12.06% of the population. Females with an FST of 6.43% were intermediate, whereas females with an FST of 1.61% were deficient, and men with an FST of 4.02% were deficient. G6PD Viangchan was the most common variant, followed by G6PD Mahidol, according to PCR-RFLP results. G6PD activity in the heterozygotes females were more than 60% of normal activity. In G6PD deficient samples, there is a strong negative correlation between G6PD activity and hemoglobin, hematocrit. The frequency of G6PD deficiency in the region is important for G6PD diagnosis and potentially useful for implementing appropriate anti-malarial drug treatment.
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