Diagnostic performance of immunochromatographic assay and fluorescence immunoassay for the detection of acute dengue infection
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Abstract
Dengue is a crucial public health issue worldwide. The clinical manifestation of dengue infection is nonspecific. The high performance of the dengue diagnostic test has led to prompt and well-organised treatment. To detect dengue infection in routine laboratories, the immunochromatographic rapid test is generally used. Nowadays, highperformance commercial kits are distributed by many manufacturers. A new rapid fluorescent immunoassay (FIA) for the detection of acute dengue infection was declared to reduce technical errors (naked-eye detection) and produced high sensitivity and specificity. Herein, we evaluated two features of the acute dengue infection test kit, including an immunochromatographic assay (ICT) and new rapid fluorescence immune assay (FIA) compared to retrieved clinical data. Twenty plasma samples were tested for dengue NS1 Ag and dengue IgM/IgG by ICT and FIA against clinical data. The results showed a higher sensitivity of FIA compared to ICT (81.8% and 72.7%). In contrast, the specificity of ICT was greater than FIA (66.7% and 44.4%). Moreover, ICT provided 72.7% PPV and 66.7% NPV, while IFA provided 64.2% PPV and 66.7% NPV. However, the performance of commercial test kits may be dependent on dengue serotypes, the day of onset, the manufacturer, and the tested sample size. Due to limited resources, only twenty samples were included in this study. For more precise information, the sample size should be increased. Nevertheless, this study provided sufficient fundamental efficacy information on the test kits for purchasing decisions.
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