印度葫芦巴种子乙醇初步提取物的最初植物化学分析及药理活性研究
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摘要
葫芦巴(Trigonella foenum-graecum L.)或称为 Fenugreek, 是一种豆科植物,自古以来广泛用于食用与传统草药领域。本研究首次针对目前在泰国使用的印度品种葫芦巴种子进行初步植物化学分析及其药理活性研究。使用 95% 乙醇溶液对葫芦巴种子进行初步提取,实验结果表明,葫芦巴种子初步提取物中含有多种植物化学成分,如酚类、皂苷类和单宁类。该提取物能有效抑制脂肪酶的活性,浓度为 0.48±0.03 mg/ml 可以抑制 50% 脂肪酶的活性,但对α-葡萄糖苷酶和α-淀粉酶无抑制作用。此外,葫芦巴种子提取物对 RAW 264.7 巨噬细胞无毒性,其细胞存活率在 93.90±2.11% 至 110.37±2.75% 之间。研究还发现,该提取物具有抗炎作用,在 LPS 刺激的 RAW 264.7 巨噬细胞培养测试后,发现浓度为 0.01、0.1 和 1 mg/ml 的葫芦巴种子粗提取物对一氧化氮的生成抑制作用无显著差异(p>0.05)。其抑制率分别为 20.00± 3.85%、25.16±2.58% 和 24.30±3.94%。将不同浓度的葫芦巴种子粗提取物对一氧化氮生成的抑制率与抗炎药曲安奈德(triamcinolone acetonide)进行比较后发现, 在浓度为 0.01、0.1 和 1 mg/ml,其抗炎效果亦无显著差异(p>0.05)。本研究结果表明,在泰国使用的印度品种葫芦巴有望进一步开发为药物或保健食品。
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