260 例支气管扩张症患者的中医证候规律调查研究
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摘要
目的本研究为探讨支气管扩张患者的中医证素和证型分布规律。方法将集 2020 年 5 月至 2022 年 1 月上海中医药大学附属龙华医院门诊和住院支气管扩张患者 260 例的中医证素证候信息和临床资料，分析中医证素证候分布及不同证候中其临床分期，近一年急性加重次数，身体质量指数（BMI，Body Mass Index）和微生物定植的差异。结果该病在人群中的主要病位证素集中于肺 257 例（98.85%），其次分别为为肾（16.54%）、心（7.69%）、脾（7.31%）和肝（7.31%）；病性证素中痰出现的频率最高为 152 例（58.46%），其次为阴虚（45.77%），气虚（41.15%）和火（22.69%）。证素组合中，以肺合并气虚最多，共 39 例（15.00%），证型分布中实证占 90 例（34.62%），虚症占 100 例（38.46%），虚实夹杂占 79 例（30.38%）。以证素组合构成证型，260 例病例中实证共 90 例（34.62%），虚证共 100 例（38.46%），虚实夹杂证共 70 例（26.92%）。中医证型分布最多的分别为痰热壅肺证 53 例（20.38%），肺气虚证 34 例（13.08%）和肺气阴两虚证 32 例（12.31%）。结论支气管扩张患者证素分布广泛，证型虚实夹杂，且与不同证型的患者其临床特征差异较大。
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