中医药调控炎症治疗动脉粥样硬化的研究进展
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摘要
动脉粥样硬化 (atherosclerosis, AS) 是由多种因素共同驱动的慢性炎症性血管疾病。血管内皮受损，脂质堆积和炎症细胞浸润最终导致动脉粥样硬化斑块和血栓形成，这一过程与中医对 AS 的认识相契合。中医理论中，动脉粥样硬化属于 “脉痹” 的范畴，病机主要责之于 “痰”、“瘀”、“虚” 三端。体虚则无力运化水湿，日久水湿聚而成痰 (脂质和炎症细胞的堆积浸润属于 “痰浊” 有形实邪)，既斑块形成；“痰浊” 有形实邪阻滞脉络，影响血运，血流不畅而成瘀血，既血栓形成，最终痹阻脉络而成 “脉痹” 之症。相较于现有的侵入性治疗和他汀类药物治疗手段，中医药具有安全高效、多通路、多靶点的特点，可有效抑制炎症反应而减少动脉粥样硬化斑块形成。因此，利用好中医药的抗炎作用有望在 AS 的治疗方面取得关键性突破，本文对近年来中医药通过调控炎症治疗 AS 进展做一综述，以期为 AS 防治寻找新的有效策略。
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