ความก้าวหน้าด้านการวิจัยทางคลินิกเกี่ยวกับการใช้ยาสมุนไพรจีนประเภทบำรุงไตและกระตุ้นการไหลเวียนเลือดในการรักษาภาวะมีบุตรยาก เนื่องจากความผิดปกติของการตกไข่ในผู้ป่วยกลุ่มอาการถุงน้ำรังไข่หลายใบ

Main Article Content

สิรภัทร รัตนกระจ่าง
หวัง อิ๋งอิ๋ง
สวี จื่อเวย
หนิง จิ้ง
หลี่ อี้เฉิง
เฉิน เคอ
จาง ซิน
ซี นั่ว
เฉิน จิ้ง

บทคัดย่อ

กลุ่มอาการถุงน้ำรังไข่หลายใบเป็นโรคทางระบบต่อมไร้ท่อที่พบได้บ่อยในผู้หญิงในวัยเจริญพันธุ์ มีสาเหตุและกลไกการเกิดที่ซับซ้อน มีลักษณะสำคัญ คือ ภาวะฮอร์โมนเพศชายในเลือดสูง ความผิดปกติของการตกไข่ และมีการเปลี่ยนแปลงผิดปกติของรังไข่ทำให้รังไข่มีถุงน้ำหลายใบ ส่งผลกระทบอย่างมากต่อสุขภาพการเจริญพันธุ์ คุณภาพชีวิตของผู้ป่วย และเป็นสาเหตุหลักของภาวะมีบุตรยากจากความผิดปกติของการตกไข่ ตามแนวคิดของการแพทย์แผนจีน กลไกการเกิดโรคของกลุ่มอาการถุงน้ำรังไข่หลายใบมีพยาธิสภาพหลักอยู่ที่ไตพร่องร่วมกับเลือดคั่ง ดังนั้นหลักการรักษาควรเน้นที่การบำรุงไตและกระตุ้นการไหลเวียนเลือด ยาสมุนไพรจีนที่มีสรรพคุณบำรุงไตและกระตุ้นการไหลเวียนเลือดมีฤทธิ์ในการปรับสมดุลหลายเป้าหมาย งานวิจัยได้อธิบายถึงพื้นฐานทางทฤษฎี การประยุกต์ใช้ทางคลินิก และกลไกทางเภสัชวิทยาสมัยใหม่ของยาสมุนไพรกลุ่มนี้ในการรักษาภาวะมีบุตรยากจากความผิดปกติของการตกไข่ที่สัมพันธ์กับกลุ่มอาการถุงน้ำรังไข่หลายใบ โดยพบว่ายาสมุนไพรสามารถออกฤทธิ์ผ่านการปรับสมดุลแกนไฮโปทาลามัส–ต่อมใต้สมอง–รังไข่ ช่วยฟื้นฟูการทำงานของรังไข่ ปรับระดับฮอร์โมน แก้ไขความผิดปกติของการเผาผลาญอินซูลิน กระตุ้นการเจริญของไข่และการตกไข่ รวมถึงมีบทบาทในหลายเส้นทางสัญญาณ เช่น PI3K/AKT/mTOR, MAPK, TGF-β1/SMAD เป็นต้น ส่งผลให้มีประสิทธิผลเด่นชัดในการเพิ่มอัตราการตั้งครรภ์และปรับปรุงผลลัพธ์การตั้งครรภ์ นอกจากนี้ การใช้ร่วมกับยาสมัยใหม่ยังแสดงฤทธิ์เสริมฤทธิ์ร่วมกัน โดยสามารถเพิ่มความสามารถในการฝังตัวของตัวอ่อนและลดอัตราการแท้งได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ บทความฉบับนี้ รวบรวมผลงานวิจัยมุ่งเน้นการศึกษาทางคลินิกเกี่ยวกับการใช้ยาสมุนไพรจีนที่มีฤทธิ์บำรุงไตและกระตุ้นการไหลเวียนเลือดในการรักษาภาวะมีบุตรยากเนื่องจากความผิดปกติของการตกไข่ในผู้ป่วยกลุ่มอาการถุงน้ำรังไข่หลายใบ เพื่อเสริมสร้างหลักฐานเชิงประจักษ์ที่มีความน่าเชื่อถือสำหรับการประยุกต์ใช้ในทางคลินิกต่อไป

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