Breast Cancer Genetics
Keywords:
breast cancer, genetics, mutationsAbstract
Breast cancer results from genetic and environmental factors leading to the aggregation of mutation in important genes. Current advances in molecular oncology and oncogenetics may enable the identification of high-risk for breast-cancer. Genetic breast cancers are caused by mutations in the high-, intermediate (or moderate)- and low-penetrance breast cancer-susceptibility gene. The majority of breast cancer-susceptibility genes code for tumor-suppressor proteins involved in critical DNA repair pathways processes. Therefore, it is particularly important for women who, due to their increased risk of breast cancer, may need more frequent screening due to repair deficiency. Increased mutation detection and a better understanding of the mechanisms through which these mutations cause disease, will enable new methodologies for oncological prevention, diagnostics, and therapeutic options for patients with genetic breast cancer.
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