Thai cancer journal

The Roles of Nurses in Caring for Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

2024-09-21T20:05:53+07:00

Immune checkpoint inhibitors or immunotherapy have been increasingly used in cancer treatment. If patients do not receive appropriate care before, during, and after receiving immunotherapy, it may affect the efficacy and safety of the treatment. Therefore, nurses responsible for drug administration must have appropriate knowledge and competence by applying knowledge gained from empirical evidence to patient care. This article discusses the mechanism of action, drug types, and the role of nurses in the process before, during, and after receiving immunotherapy.

Smoking Cessation

2025-02-28T11:28:56+07:00

Smoking and e-cigarette use are major public health problems globally and in Thailand. Although conventional smoking prevalence in Thailand has slightly decreased, it remains high, alongside a concerning rise in e-cigarette use, particularly among adolescents and young adults. Use of these products severely impacts health, increasing risks of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and respiratory diseases. Smoking cessation is therefore crucial. Nicotine addiction is a complex neurobiological process; withdrawal symptoms upon cessation pose significant barriers. Effective cessation involves combining counseling (e.g., the 5A’s approach) and pharmacotherapy. While no medications are currently specifically approved for e-cigarette cessation, existing smoking cessation medications like nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), Bupropion, Varenicline, and Nortriptyline can be applied to manage nicotine withdrawal and improve quit rates. Herbal medicines like Vernonia cinerea have preliminary but require more evidence. Smoking cessation requires commitment and determination. Combining counseling and medication increases the chances of successfully quitting. Smoking cessation not only reduces disease risk but also enhances quality of life and lowers healthcare costs.

The Prevalence of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infection and Cervical Abnormalities Among Thai Women Screened at National Cancer Institute

2025-02-26T16:14:59+07:00

Currently, medical studies have confirmed that cervical infection by high-risk Human Papillomavirus types (HR-HPV) is a major cause of cervical cancer. Based on this knowledge, there are two strategies to help prevent cervical cancer: The first strategy is primary prevention through HPV vaccination, and the second strategy is secondary prevention through HPV testing. The current study aimed to assess the prevalence of HR-HPV infection and cervical abnormalities among women screened at National Cancer Institute. This retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study collected data from recipients who underwent cervical cancer screening at National Cancer Institute between October 1, 2021, and September 30, 2022. The data was collected from 1,549 women with a mean age of 38.02±9.93 years, 9.49% (147/1,549) were positive for HR-HPV. Among them, 1.94% (30/1,549) were infected with HPV type 16, 0.97% (15/1,549) were infected with HPV type 18, and 6.58% (102/1,549) were infected with other HP-HPV types. For colposcopy with biopsy diagnosis, 0.65% (10/1,549) were diagnosed with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia II/ III (CIN II/III). In age group analysis, women aged under 30 years had the highest prevalence of HR-HPV infection, abnormal cervical cytology (liquid based cytology; LBC) and abnormal cervical pathology compared to those other age groups. This finding may serve as preliminary data for designing studies on cervical screening guideline adjustments and establishing preventive strategies for cervical cancer in Thailand.

Evaluation of Moist desquamation in patients with radiotherapy for cervical cancer or radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy Lopburi Cancer Hospital

2024-12-11T12:15:40+07:00

The purpose of this descriptive research was to assess the incidence of wet peeling. in cancer patients cervix receiving radiation treatment or radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy The sample group was cervical cancer patients undergoing radiation treatment or radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy Lopburi Cancer Hospital select specific The sample size was 57 people. or radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy Data were collected by evaluating the appearance of the skin in the radiotherapy area of cervical cancer patients from the time of admission until the patient had completed radiation therapy. During May - July 2021. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics including percentage, mean, and standard deviation.The results of the study of the incidence of Moist desquamation of cervical cancer patients receiving radiotherapy Or radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy, it was found that 3.5% of all patients received skin care procedures.There are standardized guidelines and continuous skin assessments are performed 3 times a week. Most of them have received complete radiation therapy. According to the treatment plan without Moist desquamation up to 96.5% The results of this study demonstrated that adherence to standard skin care guidelines during radiotherapy was effective. Promoting behavior so that patients can take care of themselves properly and appropriately. contributes to reducing the incidence of Moist desquamation. Cause the patient to receive continuous radiotherapy and have a better quality of life.

Five years survival rate in cervical cancer patients by stages (FIGO 2018) in National cancer institute of Thailand

2025-03-27T15:02:52+07:00

Abstract

Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the survival rate of cervical cancer patients who received treatment at the National Cancer Institute of Thailand from the time of diagnosis until the end of treatment, and to identify the factors that affect the survival rate.

Material and Methods: Medical records of cervical cancer patients from 2017-2020 were reviewed. Only patients who started treatment and finished all treatments in National cancer institute of Thailand were included

Results: 531 patients with cervical cancers were analyzed. Mean age was 51. Most cases were squamous cell carcinoma at 75.4%, followed by adenocarcinoma at 18.9%. The distribution of disease was 24.2%, 34%, 35.4% and 6.4% in stage I, II, II, and IV. The 5-year survival rates are 88% for stage 1, 71% for stage 2, 74% for stage 3, and 40% for stage 4. And we found that only two factors significantly affected the 5 years survival rate were histology and disease stage.

Conclusion: The overall five-year survival rate of cervical cancer patients treated at the National Cancer Institute is favorable and comparable to those in developed countries and other regions in Asia.

Keywords : Cervical cancer, survival rate, cervical cancer in Thailand

Measurement of Electromagnetic Field Intensity from Mobile Phone Base Stations in Mueang Ubon Ratchathani District, Ubon Ratchathani Province

2025-02-27T22:59:01+07:00

The evolution of mobile phones and smartphones has increased. It is an important communication tool in the daily life of people in the present era with increasing usage volume As demand for spectrum for 5G technology will increase more than demand for spectrum for 4G technology, mobile base station installations will increase along with usage. And electromagnetic fields are a risk factor for cancer in group 2B, classified as a group that may be carcinogenic to humans.Ubon Ratchathani Cancer Hospital and the Medical Science Center 10, Ubon Ratchathani, surveyed the intensity of the electromagnetic field from the mobile phone base station. In the Mueang Ubon Ratchathani District, Ubon Ratchathani Province, 22 base stations in fiscal year 2023 to monitor health hazard and it is a basic database for communicating to the public how much the electromagnetic field intensity from the mobile phone base station exceeds the standard. The measured values were compared with the international standard ICNIRP and found that the intensity of the electromagnetic field the value is lower than the international standard. Point 12 has the highest electromagnetic field intensity value of approximately 0.003421 W/m2 at a distance of 300 meters, followed by Point 13 with a value of approximately 0.001650 W/m2 at a distance of 300 meters. And the measured value is thousands of times lower than the standard. which has a very low value Such survey data is basic information for monitoring the intensity of electromagnetic fields from mobile phone base stations. and is a survey database of public health agencies involved in their roles and missions in providing services to the public regarding cancer risk. and is a reference laboratory unit for medical science and public health in the region, located in Mueang Ubon Ratchathani District Ubon Ratchathani Province.