The Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Nosocomial Pathogens among Cancer Patients at Lampang Cancer Hospital
Keywords:
nosocomial pathogens, antimicrobial susceptibility test, cancer patientsAbstract
This descriptive cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of nosocomial pathogens isolated from cancer patients at Lampang Cancer Hospital. The study was conducted from September 2015 to March 2016. Patient profiles, clinical samples, isolated organisms and susceptibility tests were collected. Of 536 clinical specimens, pathogens were detected in 18.66%. The majority of the isolates were from urine (40%), sputum (36%), and pus (19%). The main pathogens recovered from the cancer patients' specimens were Escherichia coli, isolated from urine (22%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, isolated from sputum (16%). The proportions of drug resistance among gram-negative pathogens of cancer patients were high for Ampicillin, Ceftriazone, Ceftazidime, and Ciprofloxacin. Moderate to low drug resistance rates were detected for Amikin, Gentamicin, and Imipenem. The prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBLs) Enterobacteriacae was 68.18% for Escherichia coli, 18.75% for Klebsiella pneumoniae, and 57.14% for multi-drug-resistant bacteria (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii. The prevalence of nosocomial infection among the cancer patients at Lampang Cancer Hospital was comparable to those of provincial hospitals. Gram-negative pathogens were detected more frequently than gram-positive pathogens. Microbial resistance was high for Cephalosporins and Quinolones among the cancer patients at Lampang Cancer Hospital.
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