Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities of Carissa carandas Linn. Fruits
Keywords:
Carissa carandas Linn., antioxidant activity, antiproliferative activity, cancer cell linesAbstract
Carissa carandas Linn. (family Apocynaceae), known in Thai as "Nam Daeng", has been recognized among some traditional medicine systems to cure various diseases, such as diarrhea and helminth infections, used as an analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic, and for liver diseases, rheumatism, and cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of C. carandas juice and methanolic extracts of C. carandas. Fresh ripe fruits of C. carandas were crushed and the juice extract was dried by lyophilizer. The residues of the crushed fruits were then macerated with methanol and the combined extracts evaporated to dryness. The juice and methanolic extracts were used for analysis. The antioxidative potentials of these extracts were evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radical (OH ) scavenging assays. Gallic acid and mannitol, antioxidant agents were used as positive controls. Antiproliferative activity was also analyzed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetric assay against human cancer cell lines; KB (human epidermoid carcinoma), MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma), SiHa (human cervical carcinoma) and HepG2 (human hepatocellular carcinoma) cell lines, as well as non-tumorigenic cells; Vero (African green monkey kidney) cell line. The results demonstrated that both juice and methanolic extracts of C. carandas fruits exhibited DPPH radical scavenging actions in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the extracts showed hydroxyl radical scavenging activities. However, they showed weak antiproliferative activity toward any of the cells tested. It was concluded that C. carandas fruits possess antioxidative properties and may offer further application as chemopreventive agents
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