The Effects of Empowerment Program on Health Care Behaviors, A1C Level and Glomerular Filtration Rate among Type 2 Diabetic Older Adults with Chronic Kidney Disease
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Abstract
This quasi-experimental research, two groups with pretest-posttest design, aimed to examine the effects of empowerment program on health care behaviors, A1C levels, and glomerular filtration rates among older adults with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Sixty type 2 diabetes older adults with stage 3 CKD were the samples. 30 experimental samples were selected by random sampling while 30 control samples were selected by matching with experimental samples. The experimental group received an empowerment program consisting of 4 steps; discovering reality, critical reflection, taking charge, and holding on for a period of 12 weeks while the control group received regular care. The research collecting instruments were a health care behavior questionnaire and a clinical data recording form. The data were analyzed by percentage, mean, standard deviation, paired t-test and independent t-test. The results found that average scores of health care behaviors and glomerular filtration rate after the intervention program of the experimental group were significantly higher than that before the intervention (p<.001). An average score of A1C level after the intervention program of the experimental group was significantly lower than that before the intervention (p<.001). In addition, average score of health care behaviors and glomerular filtration rate after intervention program of the experimental group were significantly higher than that control group (p<.001). An average score of A1C level after intervention program of the experimental group was significantly lower than that control group (p<.001). This result showed that the empowerment program can improve health care behaviors, A1C level and glomerular filtration rate among type 2 diabetes older adults with chronic kidney disease.
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