NU Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Innovation and Development of Nursing Innovation

kamonroj wongchanhan, Jirarat  Ruetrakul — Wed, 06 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This article presents the development of innovation and the innovation development process in nursing. Nursing innovation is a crucial factor in developing the healthcare system and improving the quality of patient care to be more effective. The process of developing nursing innovation consists of several steps, starting from identifying healthcare problems or needs, creating innovative ideas or models, experimenting and refining, to implementing and evaluating the innovation in practice. The success of the innovation depends on the involvement of nursing personnel, organizational support, and the appropriate use of technology.In the modern era, nursing innovation plays a significant role in contemporary nursing, whether by improving patient outcomes or enhancing the efficiency of nursing practice. Nursing innovations include artificial intelligence systems for patient data analysis, health-tracking applications, robotic technology for patient care, and evidence-based nursing approaches. Promoting and developing nursing innovations is essential to ensuring optimal healthcare efficiency and adapting to the evolving healthcare system in the future.

The Role of Nurses in Caring for Patients Receiving Oral Targeted Therapy in the EGFR TKIs

Akradach Bamrungnam — Wed, 06 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors are used to treat patients with non-small cell lung cancer that have mutations in the EGFR gene. These drugs are taken orally, allowing patients to self-administer them. However, the administration of these drugs requires specific guidelines and may interact with other medications, foods, or herbs, potentially leading to harmful effects or reduced treatment efficacy. Additionally, these drugs can cause side effects that, if not properly managed, may lead to complications and negatively affect the patient's quality of life. This article aims to provide knowledge on caring for patients receiving oral EGFR TKIs, including drug mechanisms, current EGFR TKIs medications, potential side effects, grading of severity, side effect management, and guidelines for patient care. In addition, the role of nurses in patient care includes assessment and education, particularly in medication management and patient self-care, as well as case studies. This knowledge aims to support nurses in applying best practices and evidence-based knowledge to optimize patient care.

Effects of Self-management Program on Self-management Behaviors and A1C level Among Type 2 Diabetes with Diabetic Retinopathy

Khwannet Pholee, Nongnut Oba, Worawan Tipwareerom, Non Sowanna — Wed, 06 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This quasi-experimental research with two groups pretest-posttest design aimed to study the effects of self-management program on self-management behaviors and A1C level among type 2 diabetes with diabetic retinopathy who received treatment at the Subdistrict Health Promoting Hospital, Khiri Mat District, Sukhothai Province. The sample was diabetes patients with diabetic retinopathy from mild to moderate non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Sixty samples were selected using purposive random sampling and divided into experimental and control group by matched pair. The experimental group received a self-management program, consisted of 6 step: goal setting, data collection, data processing and evaluation, decision making, action and self- reflection for a period of 12 weeks, while the control group received routine care. Research collecting instruments consisted of 1) self-management behaviors questionnaire, the questionnaire was tested which its reliability of Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.96. The data was analyzed by using descriptive statistics including number, percentage, mean and standard deviation and the reference statistics were paired t-test and independent t-test.The results of the study found that the self-management behaviors score and total self-management behaviors after intervention of experimental group were significantly higher than those before intervention at .001 level. And the A1C level after intervention of experimental group was significantly lower than that before intervention at .001 level. Moreover, the average score of self-management behaviors and total self-management behaviors after intervention of experimental group was significantly higher than those of the control group at .001 level. And the A1C level after intervention of experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group at .001 level. In conclusion, self-management program should be implemented in type 2 diabetes in order to adjust self-management behaviors and reduced the A1C level, which may reduce the severity of diabetic retinopathy.

Unit Cost Analysis of Management for Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty in a Private Hospital

Apinya Ketunil, Kannikar Chadokmaiprai, Phechnoy Singchangchai — Wed, 06 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This descriptive research aimed to analyze the unit cost analysis of managing patients undergoing Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty in a private hospital. The sample group was the report of cost per unit of service resulting from the expenses of 30 patients who received services in a period of 1 year (January 1st,2021- December 31st,2021). The tools used to collect data consisted of 20 cost units and 30 service recipients from labor cost, material cost, capital cost involved in providing management, when checking for content validity, CVI value was 0.85, statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics (number frequency, percentage, ratio).The study results revealed that the total cost of all departments in managing patients undergoing Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty in 1 year (Full cost unit), equal to 15,838,263.39 baht compared to the proportion of labor costs: material costs: investment cost was 80.95: 18.02: 1.03 percent (12,820,952.00: 2,854,771.36: 162,540.03) wihch the unit cost was 321,946.51 bath/person.The result of this research show that unit cost analysis It is therefore necessary to analyze the real costs of all related units in order to be a guideline for hospital administrators, and those involved with each unit cost in managing patients undergoing percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in considering economics planning. The results of the cost analysis of Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty should be used to consider planning the efficiency of cost and resource management at once.

The Relationship Between Workload, Work Environment and Quality of Work Life of Professional Nurses in a General Hospital, Health Area 3

Phidsamai Sombuakhoo, Phattharamanat Pongrangsan — Wed, 06 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research is a cross-sectional survey study. The objective is to study the relationship between workloads. working environment and quality of work life for professional nurses. A general hospital, Health Area 3, the sample group were professional nurses working in the inpatient ward. A simple random sample of 132 people was selected. The research instrument was a questionnaire. It passed the content validity check (CVI) equal to .86 and tested for confidence using the Cronbach alpha coefficient formula equal to .81. General data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. and analyze the relationship using Spearman's correlation coefficient when the data is abnormal distributed. and Pearson's correlation coefficient. When the data spreads out in a normal distributed. The results of the research found that the workload of professional nurses Inpatient units are at a high level. Average nursing productivity is 173.05 percent (S.D. = 41.31). The work environment of professional nurses is at a high level with an average score of 3.69 (S.D. = x̅.53). The quality of working life of professional nurses is high with an average score of 3.56 (S.D. = x̅.43). Workload has a low negative relationship with the quality of work life of professional nurses. Found in the aspect of nursing productivity (r_s = -.20, P < .01) and the duration of overtime work (r_s = -.17, P < .01). As for the relationship between work environment and Quality of working life of professional nurses. There was a high level of positive correlation (r = .80, P < .01). Suggestions from the results of this research Nursing administrator Emphasis should be placed on policies that help improve the quality of working life of professional nurses. Especially in terms of workload Arrangement of adequate manpower Suitable for the workload and working environment Promoting life balance between work and personal time and adequate and fair compensation It will help professional nurses have a higher quality of working life.

Effectiveness of Meditation SKT 3 on Blood Pressure, Lipid Profile and Cardiovascular Risk among Hypertensive Patients with Dyslipidemia

Phanudech Gaewdee, Supaporn Naewbood, Chuleekorn Danyuthasilpe — Wed, 06 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This is a quasi-experimental research. The objective was to compare blood pressure levels, blood lipid levels and cardiovascular risk levels among experimental group, measuring before and after the experiment and between experimental with control group. The sample group was patients who had high blood pressure and abnormal blood lipids, who came to receive treatment at Huaymang tambon health promotion hospital and Banfai tambon health promotion hospital, Nam Pad District, Uttaradit Province. There were 60 person and divided for experimental and control group with 30 person per group. The sample was selected by inclusion criteria. The research instrument 1) Interview personal and clinical data. 2) Meditation SKT 3 program, and 3) Meditation SKT 3 practice record. Data were analyzed using descriptive and t-test statistics.The results found, 1) the experimental group were mean systolic blood pressure, mean diastolic blood pressure, mean level of cholesterol and mean of cardiovascular risk level significant lower than before the experiment (p<.001) and the experimental group were mean level of triglycerides and mean level of low density lipoprotein significant lower than before the experiment (p<.05). 2) The experimental group were mean systolic blood pressure and mean level of cholesterol significant lower than the control group (p<.001) and the experimental group were mean diastolic blood pressure and mean level of low-density lipoprotein significant lower than the control group (p<.05).The results of this study show that meditation SKT 3 can be used to partially control blood pressure, blood lipid and reduce to the cardiovascular risk.

Organizational Climate according to Expectation of Professional Nurses within Different Generation in Tertiary Hospital, A Health Area

punnipa jumroon, Phattaramanas Pongrungsarn, Chanjar Suntayakorn — Wed, 06 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This cross-sectional survey research aimed to study organizational climate according to different generation professional nurses’ expectations in a tertiary hospital, a health area. Samples were 350 professional nurses of three generations: Baby boomer, generation X and generation Y obtained by stratified random sampling. The research instrument was a questionnaire about organizational climate according to the expectation of professional nurses in different generations. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics those were frequency, percentage, means, and standard deviation. Nonparametric statistic, independent samples Kruskal-Willis test was used to compare pairwise differences at a statistical significance level of 0.05. The results of the study showed that the overall organizational climate from the expectation of different generation professional nurses was very high (x̅ = 4.11, S.D. = 0.53). The areas of highest score were organizational structure and responsibility (x̅ = 4.28, S.D. = 0.60 and x̅ = 4.28, S.D. = 0.57 respectively). The area with the lowest score was awards (x̅ = 3.93, S.D. = 0.89). There were different organization climate scores between nurses in generation X and generation Y and between baby boomer generation and generation Y (p < 0.01). The different expectation between generation X and generation Y were found in the 3 areas of organizational structure, organizational identity and loyalty, and organizational risk with statistical significance (p<0.05). There was statistical different expectation between baby boomer generation and generation Y in the areas of organizational identity and loyalty (p<0.01).

Factors Related to Health Promoting Behaviors for Breastfeeding Among Mothers with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Wimolsiri Injan, Piyaporn Prasitwattanaseree, Punpilai Sriarporn — Wed, 06 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Postpartum mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus continue to experience insulin resistance and inappropriate health-promoting behaviors, affecting maternal health and breastfeeding. The purpose of this descriptive correlational research study was to describe the relationship between perceived benefits of breastfeeding, perceived insufficient milk supply, perceived self-efficacy of breastfeeding, and health-promoting behaviors for breastfeeding among mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus. The 134 participants consisted of postpartum mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus at 4-6 weeks who went for check-up at the family planning unit of Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital and Health Promotion Center First Region Chiang Mai between June 2023 to November 2023. The research instruments included demographic questionnaire, the Health Promoting Behaviors for Breastfeeding Among Mothers with Gestational Diabetes Questionnaire, the Perceived Benefits of Breastfeeding Among Mothers with Gestational Diabetes Questionnaire, the Hill & Humenick Lactation Scale, and the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form with reliability .89, .81, .92 and .93 respectively. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s product moment correlation, and Spearman rank correlation coefficient statistics.The results showed that perceived benefits of breastfeeding, perceived insufficient milk supply and perceived self-efficacy of breastfeeding had a significant positive correlation with health promotion behavior for breastfeeding (r = .432, r = .390 and r = .401, p < .001 respectively).This research suggests that midwives should promote perceived benefits of breastfeeding, and perceived self-efficacy of breastfeeding, but reduce perceived insufficient milk supply for mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus.
To help mothers establish the appropriate health-promoting behaviors for breastfeeding.

Effectiveness of an Educational and Skill Training Program on Knowledge, Skills of the Community Health Volunteers for Caring the Elderly with Stroke in the Community

Wanida Sripromsa, Isaree Padphai, Rungnapa Prayoonsirisak, Thidarat Huaisai — Wed, 06 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This quasi-experimental research was aimed to determine effectiveness of educational and skills training program on knowledge, skills of the community health volunteers for caring the elderly with stroke in the Community. The samples, which were purposively selected, were 30 volunteers. The data collection period was 12 weeks. The research instrument was Educational and Skill Training Program was employed by using the Gibson’s empowerment framework. The framework was composed of 4 steps: 1) discovering reality 2) critical reflection 3) taking charge and 4) holding. The questionnaire about knowledge with the reliability of .80, and practical skills questionnaire replied with the reliability of .79. Data was analyzed using the descriptive statistics, repeated measures ANOVA.The results found that the mean knowledge score and skill score of health volunteers for caring the elderly with stroke after receiving the program at the end of program and at follow up period after 3^rd months were significantly higher than before, with a p-value < .05

The Development of Comprehensive Care Model for One Day Surgery of Thai-Myanmar Border Hospital

Supat Nanta, Kukiet Konkaew, primprapha konkaew — Wed, 06 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

One-day surgery (ODS) involves admitting patients for a planned procedure or surgery, with a hospital stay of less than 24 hours. This action research aimed to: 1) develop the ODS service model for a community hospital along the Thai-Myanmar border, and 2) study the effectiveness of the ODS service model. The research was divided into 4 phases: 1) context analysis, creating the one-day surgery service model, 2) implementation of the one-day surgery service model, 3) observation, and 4) reflection on the results. Thirty-two participants were Mae Ramat hospital staff and fifty-seven of one-day surgery clients. The research was conducted from June 23, 2023, to February 28, 2024. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were applied. The results of the study on developing a one-day surgery service model with the 3 P approach are as follows: 1) Personnel: ODS board, care team, code team, claim team, and coordinator team 2) Place: pre-anesthesia clinic, operation and recovery room, and ambulation unit and 3) Process: Determining the working style of surgical procedures and those with clear responsibilities at every level. The specialized medical personnel select patients eligible for ODS services. The Procedures include 1) forty-one colonoscopies, 2) eight hernioplasties, 3) six wide excision breasts, and 4) two male circumcisions. The average length of stay in the hospital was 10.9 hours, the post-operation follow-up did not reveal any surgical wound infections or readmissions. The service recipients and the providers are at a high level of satisfaction in every aspect. In summary, the ODS service model is effective for this community hospital and can be adapted for other uncomplicated disease groups or similar community hospitals with similar contexts

Factors Associated with Sleep Quality Among Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

wannisa srithong, Jirawan Deeluea, Nantaporn Sansiriphun — Wed, 06 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This descriptive correlational study aimed to investigate sleep quality and its associated factors among pregnant women with GDM, focusing on blood sugar levels, stress, and social support. The participants consisted of 128 pregnant women with GDM who visited prenatal care at Taksin Hospital, Klang Hospital, and Charoen Krung Hospital. Data collection instruments included the Personal Data Record Form and Questionnaire, the Thai version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Thai version of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the Social Support for Pregnant Women at Risk Questionnaire, and the Blood Sugar Level Record Form. The reliability coefficients for the PSQI, PSS, and Social Support Questionnaire were .82, .82, and .94, respectively. Data were analyzed by employing descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, point-biserial correlation coefficient, and biserial correlation coefficient. The results showed that 55.47% of women with GDM had poor sleep quality. The mean global PSQI score was 6.13 (S.D. = 2.39). Stress and social support had a statistically significant positive correlation with sleep quality (r = .265, rb = - .176, p < .05 respectively). There was no significant correlation between blood sugar level and sleep quality. Therefore, nurse-midwives should assess sleep quality, stress level, and social support among women with GDM. Moreover, strategies for stress reduction and social support enhancement should be developed to improve good sleep quality in women with GDM.

Factors related to Readiness for Hospital Discharge among Patients with Lower Limb Fracture

Siwaporn Khiaokhoen, Suparat Wangsrikhun, Chanchai Yothaiyai — Wed, 06 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Discharge readiness is important for the self-care ability of patients with lower extremity fractures. This descriptive correlational study aimed to examine discharge readiness and factors related to discharge readiness of patients with lower extremity fractures, using Meleis et al., 2000 Transition Theory as a framework. The sample consisted of 90 patients with lower extremity fractures, aged 18 years or older, able to communicate in Thai, diagnosed with fractures of the hip, femur, knee, tibia, or ankle, and with a plan for discharge to homes. The research instruments included a demographic data record form, a quality of discharge teaching questionnaire, and a perception of discharge readiness questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, and point-biserial correlation. The results showed that the sample had a high level of overall discharge readiness (x̅ = 7.67, S.D. = 0.86). The overall quality of discharge teaching was high (x̅ = 132.66, S.D. = 25.12). Discharge readiness was significantly correlated with the quality of discharge teaching and previous experience hospitalization experience (r = 0.52, p < 0.01; r = 0.72, p < 0.01). However, readiness for hospital discharge was not associated with the length of hospital stay. These research findings can be used as basic information about discharge readiness and related factors in patients with lower extremity fractures to promote discharge readiness.

The Effects of a Program to Provide Self-care Knowledge of the New Normal for COVID- 19 Prevention on Self-care Knowledge and Practice among High School Students in Ratchaburi Province

Wed, 06 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The quasi-experimental research aimed to study the effects of a program to provide self-care knowledge of the new normal for COVID- 19 prevention on self-care knowledge and practice among high school students in Ratchaburi province. The sample of this study were 60 high school students, divided in 30 people for control group and 30 people for experimental group, by using a purposive sampling. The research instruments consisted of the program to provide self-care knowledge of the new normal for COVID- 19, self-care knowledge questionnaire with validity and reliability at 0.92 and 0.71 and practice questionnaire with validity and reliability at 0.95 and 0.82, respectively. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, Paired t-test and Independent t-test.The results of the study on high school students’ self-care knowledge and practice between control and experimental group, found that after using the program, the experimental group had higher mean score of self-care knowledge and practice for COVID-19 prevention than that of the control group with statistical significance (p < .05). And after using the program, the experimental group had higher mean score of self-care knowledge and practice for COVID-19 prevention than before receiving the program with statistical significance (p < .05). The findings indicated that the developed program could be positively used to improve self-care knowledge and practice of the new normal for COVID-19 prevention in high school students so that they should have to learn about this continuously.

The Development of an Empowering Leadership Measurement Tools for Head Nurses in Private Hospitals

Wed, 06 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aims to develop a measurement tool for empowering leadership of head nurses in private hospitals in Bangkok. A sample of 248 professional nurses were recruited from nine private hospitals. The research instrument was questionnaires developed based on Ahearn’s concept and in- depth interview by experts who have experience in nursing administration and related to innovation development, including the Director of Nursing, totaling six peoples. The content validity was at 0.95 that validated by a panel of experts. The statistics used for construct validity were exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The reliability of overall scale was tested using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, the results was 0.93. The study found that Empowering Leadership Scale for Head Nurse in Private Hospitals consisted of three components with twenty indicators including: 1) Coaching with Caring composed with four indicators 2) Providing autonomy and Expressing Confidence in work potential composed with three indicators and 3) Fostering meaningful of work composed with three indicators. Factor loading of confirmatory factor analysis were between 0.89 – 0.96. The construct validity of second confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the scale development of empowering leadership of head nurses in private hospitals was consistent with the empirical data. (c² = 29.08, df = 30, p-value = 0.51, GFI =0.98, AGFI = 0.96, CFI = 1.00, RMSEA =0.00) Therefore, the results of this study provide strong evidence of validity and reliability of the empowering leadership scale of head nurses in private hospitals and it could be used as a guideline for developing empowered leadership of head nurses in private hospitals.

Vision Screening of Primary School Children Grades 1 to 6 in Phitsanulok Province

Wed, 06 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Vision screening is essential for detecting visual abnormalities in children, allowing for early identification and the prevention of more serious vision issues later on. In this retrospective study, primary school students in Phitsanulok Province were screened for abnormalities in visual acuity, color vision and stereopsis ability. Also investigated were the associations between age and stereopsis ability as well as age and refractive error. Descriptive statistics and bivariate correlation were used in the data analysis. This study used medical records from the Department of Optometry in Naresuan University’s Faculty of Allied Health Science.A total of 474 eyes were screened from 237 students, whose mean age was 9.46 ± 1.71 years. The findings indicated that in the distant vision screening, 423 eyes (89.2%) had normal vision, 22 eyes (4.7%) had mild abnormalities, and 29 eyes (6.1%) had severe abnormalities. On the other hand, in the near vision screening, 454 eyes (95.8%) had normal vision, 8 (1.7%) had mild abnormalities, and 12 (2.5%) had severe abnormalities. Other results showed that 233 students (98.3%) had normal color vision, while 4 students (1.7%) had impaired color vision. Also, 204 students (86.1%)had normal stereopsis, whereas 33 students (13.9%) had abnormal stereopsis. Finally, a significant negative correlation was found between age and stereopsis ability (r_s = -0.490, p-value < 0.001).This research demonstrates the importance of vision screening in school children for the early detection of visual abnormalities. The findings can help healthcare professionals identify common vision issues in primary school-aged children. Additionally, the data can serve as a model for policymakers to develop more effective child eyesight screening programs, ensuring that children receive the best care for good vision.

Development of a Value-Based Maternal and Child Health Care System in Health Region 2

Wed, 06 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research and development was conducted to develop a value-based maternal and child healthcare system in Health Region 2, comprising three phases: 1.Phase 1: Identifying pregnant women’s issues and needs through in-depth interviews and reviewing related concepts, including Michael E. Porter’s value-based healthcare (Porter & Lee, 2021) and health literacy promotion among pregnant women. 2. Phase 2: Developing the value-based maternal and child healthcare system through group discussions and expert panel seminars for system refinement. 3. Phase 3: Evaluating the system’s effectiveness in two steps: Step 1: Conducting a quasi-experimental, single-group pre-and post-test design to compare key health outcomes for mothers and children before and after implementation. Step 2: Assessing the system’s effectiveness post-implementation.Instruments included document analysis tools and validity checks reviewed by five experts, yielding content validity indices (CVI) of 0.83 and 0.87, respectively. Self-administered questionnaires tested on 30 public health personnel yielded a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.89. Descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation, paired t-tests) were used to analyze the data.The study resulted in an innovative value-based maternal and child healthcare model called the “6 Value Base Maternal and Child Health Programs.” Comparisons of health outcomes before and after the intervention showed no significant differences in maternal mortality rates, neonatal mortality rates (within 28 days), or the percentage of children aged 0–5 years meeting developmental milestones. However, the system demonstrated high structural and service delivery quality, with a significant positive correlation. Future research should focus on continuously developing and refining value-based services and enhancing information technology to create databases that optimize service delivery and efficiency.