Factors for Predicting Fall Among the Older Adults in Chanthaburi Province

Abstract

This study investigated the factors predicting falls among older adults in Chanthaburi Province. The sample consisted of 550 older adults selected through multi-stage random sampling from elderly clubs across 10 districts. The majority were female (84.5%), aged 70–79 years (48.7%), and had a nutritional status above the normal range (57.8%). Overall, the participants demonstrated a low level of fall risk (mean score = 3.30 out of 11), the prevalence of falls within the preceding six months was 14.5%. The findings revealed that fall risk was significantly and positively correlated with the presence of chronic diseases (r = .193, p < .01), history of falling within six months (r = .529, p < .01), gait and balance function (r = .235, p < .01), and sex (r = .096, p < .05). Multiple regression analysis indicated that fall history within six months (β = .636, p < .001), gait and balance (β = .209, p < .001), chronic diseases (β = .108, p < .001), and sex (β = .061, p < .05) were significant predictors of falls among older adults. These variables collectively explained 51% of the variance in fall risk (R^² = .510, Adjusted R^² = .506, F = 141.699, p < .001). The findings highlight the importance of developing effective screening systems and promoting balance-enhancing exercise programs to prevent falls among older adults in Chanthaburi Province. The study found that fear of falling and depression were not significant predictors of fall risk among the elderly. Consequently, these findings should be integrated into the clinical screening processes for older adults.