Factor correlation with Acyanotic congenital heart disease in children aged 0 to 6 years

Abstract

 This cross-sectional study investigated factors associated with heart failure (CHF) in children with acyanotic congenital heart disease (ACHD) attending the pediatric cardiology clinic at Siriraj Hospital in 2021. The study included 1,235 children, with 443 in the CHF group and 792 in the non-CHF group, matched by age and sex. Data on 16 child-related and 17 caregiver-related variables were collected and analyzed using the PRECEDE Model. The final sample for multiple logistic regression was 840 participants. Age and weight of children did not differ significantly between groups (p = 0.820 and 0.823). Caregiver factors were influential: caregivers older than 30 years were associated with lower CHF risk (OR = 0.69, 95% CI 0.51–0.93, p = 0.016), while caregiver knowledge of key CHF symptoms increased risk (OR = 1.48, 95% CI 1.02–2.14, p = 0.039). Preventive care behaviors and continuous monitoring reduced CHF risk (OR = 0.62, 95% CI 0.43–0.89, p = 0.009). The model explained 3–7% of CHF variance.
These results highlight the critical role of caregivers in preventing CHF. Practical application includes caregiver education, continuous symptom monitoring, and preventive care guidance by nurses. Strengthening caregiver capacity can promote proactive care and reduce complications in children with ACHD.