Happiness and Self-Care Behaviors of Older Adults based on the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy: Khao Wong Kot Community, Chanthaburi Province

Abstract

 This study aimed to examine the level of happiness, the meaning of happiness, self-care behaviors based on the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy, and predictive factors of happiness among the older adults in Khao Wong Kot, Chanthaburi Province. A sequential explanatory mixed-methods design was utilized, consisting of a quantitative phase involving 192 older adult participants and a qualitative phase involving in-depth interviews with 10 older adult participants. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and stepwise multiple regression analysis. The finding revealed that the happiness level among older adults was similar to that of general population (48.11±2.86). The older adults identified six themes surfaced on the meaning of happiness: having sufficient income, good health, emotional well-being, family support, social participation, and religious practice. These reflect the principles of the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy according to the 3 Circles and 2 Conditions components. The self-care behaviors according to the philosophy of sufficiency economy is at a high level (3.8±0.2). The most influential predictors of happiness was economic status (beta =.49), followed by moderation (beta =.23), health condition (beta =-.21), and moral integrity (beta =.17), which together accounted for 56% (r2=.57) of the variance in happiness. In conclusion, economic status and the application of the sufficiency economy philosophy in self-care, particularly in terms of moderation and moral conditions, significantly influence the happiness of the elderly. However, health conditions are a factor that reduces happiness.