The Effect of Self-Efficacy Promotion Program on health behaviors in the elderly with uncontrolled hypertension

Abstract

The purpose of quasi-experimental research with a pretest-posttest design was to study the effects of a self-efficacy promotion program on health behaviors among the elderly with uncontrolled hypertension. The sample group consisted of 60 elderly individuals with uncontrolled hypertension divided into an experimental group of 30 subjects and a comparison group of 30 subjects. The instruments used in the study included the experimental instrument, which was a program to promote self-efficacy in health behaviors. The data collection instruments included demographic data recording forms and a health behavior assessment form. Index of item objective congruence testing resulted 0.85. Reliability testing resulted in a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.82. After receiving the program, The experimental group had higher health behavior scores than the comparison group. Statistically significant (p <.001) and the experimental group had Systolic Blood Pressure and Diastolic Blood Pressure values reduced to within disease control limits more than the comparison group with statistical significance (p <.001). Studies should be conducted on retention of self-efficacy in the experimental group over periods of 6 months and 1 year. Studies should also be conducted on the development of persuasion skills in public health volunteers to promote continuous perceived self-efficacy in communities. Furthermore, studies should be conducted on self-efficacy programs in the control group to create perceived self-efficacy and reduce blood pressure levels to a controllable level.