Health Literacy and Factors associated with Health Promoting Behaviors among Middle-Aged Population, Bangkok
Keywords:
Health-promoting behavior , Health literacy, Middle-aged populationAbstract
Prawet, Bangkok, is a semi-urban community that is home to a large number of businesses and middle-aged people. Health literacy is also an important factor for good health. This study was aimed at learning about the relationships and predictive factors of health promotion behaviors in middle-aged people. The study relied on the PRECEDE Model for its conceptual framework. Data were collected by the use of questionnaires on 349 middle-aged persons aging from 40-59 years.
The study found that the subjects overall had a moderate level of health promotion behaviors and moderate health literacy (Mean = 107.1, S.D. = 17.6) (Mean = 72.0, S.D. = 18.4). Predisposing factors (personal factors, attitude toward health promotion, and health literacy), enabling factors (exercise equipment in the community, exercise facilities in the community, sources of healthy foods in the community, perception of Prawet’s health promotion policy and perception of the community’s health policy), and reinforcing factors (support from family members, neighbors, public health volunteers and health personnel) were correlated with health promotion behaviors with statistical significance (p < 0.001), while the factors capable of predicting health promotion behaviors consisted of health literacy, health understanding, decision-making skills and self-management skills (predisposing factors); perception of the community’s health policy (enabling factor); and support from public health volunteers (reinforcing factor); they were able to achieve co-prediction by 61.1% (R2 = .611, p<.001) (β = .308, .187, .179, .133 and .106). The findings of this study offer this health promotion recommendations: Activities should be organized to develop health literacy in decision-making and self, while the capabilities of public health volunteers in promoting health literacy should also be promoted, and structured participation in review and specification of community health policies should be encouraged.
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