Human Milk Oligosaccharides Improve Tight Junction Proteins in Disrupted Intestinal Epithelial Cells
Keywords:
Human milk, Human milk oligosaccharides, Tight junction protein, DisruptionAbstract
The strength of intestinal barrier through tight junction proteins, such as Zonula Occludens-1 (ZO-1) and Occludin, is an important factor for nutrient digestion and absorption to promote growth of the body. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) can protect the integrity of tight junction on the inflammation of intestinal epithelial cells. However, the distinct biological activity of HMOs in human milk on intestinal barrier and inflammation response remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the patterns of HMOs in human milk and their preventive effects to the tight junction proteins disrupted by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a). Breast milk samples from 23 Thai lactating women were separated using 3kDa cut-off column and then purified using solid phase extraction cartridges. The mass spectra of purified HMOs from individual milk samples were created using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The effect of each pattern of HMOs on TNF-a-induced Caco-2 cell monolayer disruption was examined using transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) measurement. The expression of ZO-1 and Occludin was assessed using immunofluorescence. Nine patterns of HMOs were found. The two major HMOs were galacto-oligosaccharides and sialyllactose (SL) group, particularly 3’SL and 6’SL. The level of TEER increased in the presence of HMOs, especially 3’SL and 6’SL. ZO-1 and Occludin were increasingly expressed in the presence of HMOs. In conclusion, this study suggests that HMO patterns of SL groups show the most protective effect on disruption of tight junction proteins.
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