ผลของโปรแกรมส่งเสริมการรับรู้สุขภาพต่อความรู้ พฤติกรรมการรับประทานอาหารและการออกกำลังกายของหญิงตั้งครรภ์ที่เป็นเบาหวานชนิด เอ วัน1

Patcharavadee Chusong; Somsakhool  Neelasmith

Authors

Patcharavadee Chusong Faculty of Nursing, Khon Kaen University
Somsakhool Neelasmith Faculty of Nursing, Khon Kaen University

Keywords:

gestational, diabetes mellitus type A1, health perception promotion

Abstract

This quasi-experimental study aimed to examine the effects of a Health Perception Promotion Program on knowledge, dietary and exercise behaviors among pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus class A1. Participants were 48 pregnant women with GDM-A1 who attended the antenatal clinic at Police General Hospital, Bangkok. A purposive sampling method, based on inclusion criteria, was used to recruit participants, who were then allocated into an experimental group (n = 24) and a control group (n = 24). The control group received routine antenatal care, while the experimental group received the Health Perception Promotion Program in addition to routine care. The intervention program were verified for content validity by five experts. The intervention was conducted over four weeks. Research instruments included: 1) A knowledge test on gestational diabetes mellitus (Kuder-Richardson: KR-20 = .78), 2) A dietary behavior questionnaire (Cronbach’s alpha coefficient = .86), and 3) An exercise behavior questionnaire (Cronbach’s alpha coefficient = .93). Data were analyzed using chi-square test, Independent t-test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Mann–Whitney U test, Fisher’s exact test, and McNemar’s test.

The results indicated that pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus class A1 after the intervention, the experimental group demonstrated significantly higher levels of knowledge regarding gestational diabetes mellitus, as well as improved dietary and exercise behaviors, compared to both their baseline scores and the control group (p < .05).

Therefore, antenatal care nurses and other relevant healthcare personnel can apply the health perception promotion program as part of routine care for pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus, class A1.

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