Effects of a self-efficacy enhancement program on smoking cessation behaviors of patients at risk of cardiovascular diseases
Keywords:
Smoking cessation, Self-efficacy, Patients with Cardiovascular risksAbstract
Patients at risk of cardiovascular diseases who smoke are at higher risk than non-smoker patients. This 8-week quasi-experimental study aimed to determine the effect of self-efficacy enhancement program on smoking cessation behaviors among patients with diabetes mellitus and hypertension who are unable to abstain from smoking in Mahasarakham Province. The participants were purposively selected and divided into the experimental group (n=24) and the comparison group (n=26). The experimental group received the self-efficacy enhancement program consisting of group education, discussion with a live model, individual counseling, and telephone follow-up, while the comparison group received usual care. Data was collected by the researcher using a questionnaire and exhaled carbon monoxide measurement at the baseline, post-test, and follow-up.
Data were analyzed using t-test and repeated measured ANOVA. It was found that after the intervention, the experimental group had higher perceived self-efficacy and smoking cessation behaviors scores, than that of the comparison group (p-value < 0.05). In addition, the exhaled carbon monoxide in the experimental group was lower than before the intervention (p-value < 0.05). The findings support that the self-efficacy enhancement program can promote smoking cessation behavior and further study should add the booster activities to sustain cessation behaviors.
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