Effects of behavior modification program for gingivitis prevention among school-age children by the application of self-efficacy theory and social support
Keywords:
self-efficacy, school-aged children, behavior modification program for gingivitis preventionAbstract
The purpose of this quasi-experimental research was to study the effects of the behavior modification program for gingivitis prevention among school-aged children by the application of self-efficacy theory and social support. The samples were 70 students with 28 permanent teeth and without gingivitis studying in Grade 6 at a government school in Wang Sam Mo district, Udon Thani Province. They were equally divided into the experimental group and the comparison group (35 people each). The samples were selected by a simple random sampling method. The experimental group received the behavior modification program for gingivitis prevention, consisting of 5 activities for 12 weeks. The comparison group received oral health promotion, prevention and care in accordance with the standards of the Ministry of Public Health provided in school. The data collection instruments were a questionnaire and a plaque index assessment form. The content validity of the instruments was checked. The results showed that the index of item objective congruence of all items was between 0.66-1.00. In addition, the validity of the whole questionnaire was examined, and the reliability of the questionnaire was 0.82. General data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, namely frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and maximum and minimum values. Independent t–test and paired t-test were employed for comparative analysis.
The findings revealed that after the experiment, the mean scores of the experimental group on the knowledge of gingivitis, self-efficacy in gingivitis prevention, expectations on the effects of gingivitis prevention practice and gingivitis prevention behaviors in terms of food consumption, tooth brushing and self-examination were higher than those of the comparison group and before the experiment with statistical significance (p<.001). The mean scores of plaque amount were lower than those of the comparison group and before the experiment with statistical significance (p<.001). The results reflect that the behavior modification program for gingivitis prevention among school-aged children by the application of self-efficacy theory and social support can be used to prevent gingivitis in school-age children.
References
Dental health, Department of health, Ministry of Public Health. 8th National oral health survey, Thailand 2017. Bangkok: Office of Printing Works, Veterans Affairs Organization; 2017. (in Thai)
Health education division, Department of health service support. Commandments of health. Bangkok: Office of Printing Works, Veterans Affairs Organization; 2017. (in Thai)
Udon Thani Provincial Public Health Office. Dental Public Health. Udon Thani: Udon Thani Provincial Public Health Office; 2021. (in Thai)
Dental health, Wangsammo hospital, Wangsammo district, Udon Thani Province. Report of the survey of dental health conditions school age group. Dental Public Health Udon Thani Wangsammo Hospital; 2021. (in Thai)
Bandura A. Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review 1977;84(2):191-215.
House JS. Work stress and social support. California: Addison Wesley Publishing; 1981.
Chomchome U, Pranprawit A, Kaewpan W. The effects of dental health education program on behavioral modification for gingivitis prevention among the six grade students in Phunphindistrict,SuratthaniProvince.The SCNJ 2017;4(1):234-52. (in Thai)
Tumkaew Y, Duangsong R. Effects of dental health education program for behavioral modification on gingivitis prevention among prathomsuksa VI primary school students, Wiangkao district, Khon Kaen Province. TDNJ 2018;29(1):36-48. (in Thai)
Pipatsart R, Kitreerawutiwong N. The effectiveness of an oral health care program on self-efficacy, dental Knowledge and dental caries preventive behaviors among secondary school students. J Prapokklao Hosp Clin Med EducatCenter2020;37(3):223-31.(inThai)
Junthorn R. Effecttives of dental health education program for changing dental health behavior of primary students in Maung municipality school in Namaung subdistrict, Maung district, Chachoengsao Province. J Prapokklao Hosp Clin Med Educat Center 2016;33(4):340-53. (in Thai)
Watyota K, Wanaratwichit C. Effectiveness of an oral health promotion program on oral health behavior among 12 year-old students in Kosamphi Nakhon district, Kamphaeng Phet Province. CM Dent J 2019;40(1):81-96. (in Thai)
Pholkaew S, Promsakha T, Kinthaisong S, Nuangchalerm N, Chomngam P, Sroithong P, et al. The effect of dental health education program on gingivitis prevention behavioral among the ninth grade student. TJPHE 2021;1(1):61-76. (in Thai)
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of Nursing Science and Health
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
The Journal of Nursing Science and Health is copyright holder of published articles. Distributions of articles published in Journal of Nursing Science and Health including online, photocopying which is not for teaching-learning purpose, publication submission elsewhere are prohibited except obtaining permission from the Journal of Nursing Science and Health.
