Development of anorexia management promoting program for older people with chronic kidney disease
Keywords:
symptom management, motivational interviewing, older people, chronic kidney disease, anorexiaAbstract
This article is part of a research study on effects of anorexia management promoting program in older people with chronic kidney disease (CKD). It presents process for development of an anorexia management promoting program in older people with CKD stage 4-5 receiving no renal replacement therapy (RRT). Program development consisted of three steps: Step 1: Literature review Step 2: Developing a program based on Symptom Management Model and Motivational Interviewing. Step 3: Assessment of
program quality, feasibility, and acceptability. The program quality was assessed by verification of content validity index (CVI) by five experts. The feasibility and acceptability of the program were determined in terms of retention rate in the program (Proportion of participants who completed the program compared to those who recruited into the program); and comparing the five outcomes before and after participating in the program among 29 participants using pair t test and Wilcoxon signed ranks test. Findings revealed CVI of the program and that of the manual of anorexia management promotion for older people with CKD were 0.82 and 0.75, respectively. Retention rate in the program was 100%. Participants had improvement in four outcomes: anorexia management knowledge (Z=4.30, p<.001); anorexia management behaviors (Z=4.62, p<.001);
motivation to anorexia management (Z=2.51, p<.001); and food satisfaction (t=7.75, p<.001). There was no change in anorexia symptom (Z=1.42, p=.157) where CKD would have more progression and symptoms (including anorexia) in older people receiving no RRT over the course of the program. Therefore, it might be a factor that affected program effectiveness in reducing anorexia.
The developed anorexia management promoting program in older people with CKD had sufficient quality, feasibility, and acceptability. Even though the program cannot reduce anorexia symptom, it helped older people manage their anorexia leading them to be more satisfied with their eating. Therefore, the program should be applied to older people in similar contexts. Further research should be carried out with program modification for more effectiveness.
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