Development of a community empowerment cooperative activity package against depression in older people
Keywords:
community participation, health promotion, activity series, elderly, depressionAbstract
This research and development study aimed to develop a community empowerment cooperativeactivity package against depression in older people. The process of developing a set of activities comprised four phases. phase 1 exploring the depression situations and need for depression care among older people in the community, phase 2 developing a community empowerment cooperative activity package against depression in older people, phase 3 examining and confirming of the activity package, phase 4 trying out and evaluating the activity package. The sample consisted of 30 home-bound older people aged 60 years or over who had no or minimal depression symptoms. Research instruments were: 1) a demographic data questionnaire, 2) depressionscreening tools, including the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-2 (2Q) and the Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ)-9 (9Q) Thai versions, 3) the community empowerment cooperative activity package against depressionin older people, 4) guidelines for group discussion and in-depth interview form, 5) a satisfaction assessment form towards the use of the activity package. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data.The results showed that the majority of older people (52.30%) had minimal/asymptomaticdepression, followed by mild depression (34.10%), and moderate depression (13.60%), respectively.The community empowerment cooperative activity package against depression in older people consisted of (1) physical activity; (2) social activity; (3) cognitive activity; in the form of recreational activities, dancing, praying, sitting meditation, molam therapy, local handicrafts; and (4) food consumption (nutrition). Examiningand confirmation of the activity package showed that the feasibility, suitability, and usefulness of the package were 4.65, 4.68, and 4.72 (out of 5), respectively. After participating in the activity package, the sample group had lower mean depression scores than before participating in the package (X=4.56, SD=0.45) and had overall satisfaction towards the use of the package at the highest level (x=4.68, SD=0.42.)The results of this study showed that the activity package can enhance the mental health of older people in the community. A long-term follow-up study should be conducted to assess the persistence of depression among this group of people.
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