Advancements in Stroke Medicine: Exploring the Multifaceted Role of Cytoprotective Drugs and Reviewing the Multifaceted Role of DL-3-n-butylphthalide in acute ischemic stroke.
Keywords:
Cytoprotective drugs, Pleiotropic effect, DL-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP), Ischemic strokeAbstract
In the contemporary landscape of medical science, the treatment of acute ischemic stroke, aiming to restore blood supply to the brain either through thrombolytic agents or endovascular procedures, has achieved significant progress and standardization. In this context, the role of cytoprotective drugs, designed to prevent injury and facilitate brain cell recovery, warrants renewed consideration. Additionally, an understanding of the sequential processes led by ischemic stroke, encompassing various facets of neural damage, such as neuroinflammation, oxidative and nitrosative stress, blood-brain barrier dysfunction, and vasogenic edema, extends beyond neuronal cell injury alone. This broadened perspective underscores the significance of comprehending disease mechanisms and appreciating the potential benefits of cytoprotective drugs in acute ischemic stroke treatment. Particularly, cytoprotective drugs with pleiotropic mechanism of action have emerged as promising candidates. This article provides an overview of cytoprotective drugs and reviews the literature on DL-3-n-butylphthalide, a pleiotropic cytoprotective drug, in the clinical setting. We discuss the mechanisms of action, therapeutic benefits, and precautions in drug administration. Additionally, we explore distinctions between DL-3-n-butylphthalide and other cytoprotective agents, along with pertinent comparative efficacy data for currently used cytoprotective drugs.
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