Poststroke seizure and poststroke epilepsy
Keywords:
epilepsy, poststroke seizure, seizure, strokeAbstract
Stroke is one of the common causes of acute symptomatic seizure and poststroke epilepsy. Stroke-related disabilities and seizures result in increased morbidity, and mortality. Seizures occur within 7 days of stroke onset are classified as early poststroke seizure or acute symptomatic seizure. The occurrence of seizures after 7 days is classified as late poststroke seizure or poststroke epilepsy. To date, pathophysiologic processes involving in the development of each condition is not well-established, and probably be different. Acute symptomatic seizure is due to the consequence of local metabolic disturbances without altered
neuronal networks. But, the development of poststroke epilepsy may be involved by multi-factorial processes after stroke such as inflammation, metabolic and structural changes of the brain, and remodeling of synaptic networks. These predisposing factors finally resulted in the ongoing process of epileptogenesis and poststroke epilepsy. Overall, poststroke seizures is well-controlled by antiepileptic drug monotherapy. To best of our knowledge, there has not been enough information to prevent the occurrence of seizures after stroke, and stop the epileptogenesis in poststroke epilepsy. Over the past decades, there has been markedly rapid
growing in knowledge and management of acute stroke. But less is known about poststroke seizure and poststroke epilepsy. This review summarizes recent advances in our understanding of poststroke seizure and epilepsy and also provides an update on current understanding of pathogenesis, epidemiology, risk factors, and management issues such as diagnosis, AEDs selection, and prognosis.
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