Effectiveness of a tuberculosis prevention program for patients and caregivers, utilizing the D-METHOD framework in home-based care: TB Clinic, Nakornping Hospital, Chiang Mai Province
Keywords:
pulmonary tuberculosis patients, caregivers, D-METHOD, pulmonary TB prevention, knowledge and behaviorAbstract
Introduction: Pulmonary tuberculosis is a significant global public health issue, particularly in Thailand, which ranks high in the Asia region. This study examines an educational program based on the D-METHOD to enhance knowledge and preventive behaviors against tuberculosis infection among patients and caregivers in the community.
Objective: To study the effectiveness of an educational program on tuberculosis prevention for patients and caregivers in terms of knowledge and behavior.
Method and study design: This research was a quasi-experimental study, conducted during November 2023 – January 2024 at Nakornping Hospital. The sample size consisted of tuberculosis patients who registered for treatment at Nakornping Hospital, along with their caregivers, of these were specifically purposively selected. Knowledge and behavior regarding disease prevention were evaluated using a knowledge program based on the
D-METHOD concept. These educational tools included assessments scheduled for day 1 and day 14.
Study results: A total of 30 sample groups were 30% male and 70% female, with an average age of 46.20±17.10 years. Most of them worked as general workers (33.30%), were Thai nationality (73.30 %) and Myanmar nationality (13.30 %). After the program, the effectiveness of the knowledge program found that an average knowledge score increased 10.40±4.24 to 13.90±1.72, increasing by an average of 3.50±4.07 (p-value <0.001). The score for knowing about TB had the highest score with an average of 0.80±0.40 (p <0.001) while the score for behavioral had no differences between pre and posttest evaluation.
Conclusion: The knowledge program for preventing pulmonary tuberculosis infection among patients and caregivers using the D-METHOD principles has proven effective. It can be adapted to educate tuberculosis patients and caregivers in healthcare facilities at various levels.
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