A retrospective study comparing the size of deep leg veins under normal condition, acute thrombosis, and chronic thrombosis using ultrasound in patients with suspected thrombosis at Phra Phutthabat Hospital, Saraburi Province
Keywords:
Patients with deep vein thrombosis in the thigh, Common femoral vein, popliteal veinAbstract
Introduction: Acute deep vein thrombosis of the leg is a common occurrence. An ultrasound examination of the deep veins of the legs is used to assess vascular collapse. Acute deep vein thrombosis cannot be excluded in cases with chronic thrombotic conditions. Additional diagnostic criteria are needed based on the size and the affected vein.
Objectives: To compare the average diameters of deep veins and accompanying arteries in the legs at the exact location under normal conditions, acute thrombosis, and chronic thrombosis in patients with suspected thrombosis by using ultrasound.
Methods: This study is a retrospective descriptive analysis conducted on patients with suspected leg thrombosis who underwent ultrasound examinations at Phra Phutthabat Hospital between January 1, 2017, and July 31, 2023, using the Envision imaging. The patients were categorized into three groups: those exhibiting normal conditions, acute thrombosis, and chronic thrombosis, with each group comprising 49 cases.
Results: The majority of the population in this study was female at 55.10%, the mean age of 60.43±15.25 years, BMI 42.16±8.74 kg/m2, and 104 (70.75%) underlying diseases. The difference in the mean diameter of the deep veins in the legs between normal and acute thrombosis of CFV was 1.76 mm (95% CI 0.91-2.60) p<0.001, SFV was 1.20 mm (95% CI 0.55-1.86) p<0.001, popliteal vein was 1.47 mm (95% CI 0.83-2.11) p<0.001, between normal condition and chronic thrombosis of CFV was 1.66 mm (95% CI 0.94-2.38) p<0.001, popliteal vein was 0.70 mm (95% CI 0.27-1.13) p=0.001, and between acute thrombosis and chronic thrombosis of CFV was 3.42 mm (95% CI 2.84-4.01) p<0.001, SFV was 1.62 mm (95% CI 1.02-2.23) p<0.001, popliteal vein was 2.18 mm (95% CI 1.60-2.76) p <0.001. The artery's diameter at the exact location was the only SFA that was different among the 3 groups.
Conclusion: The size of the deep veins of the legs in acute and chronic thrombotic conditions differs from normal conditions, which can be used to diagnose. This study found limitations of ultrasound examination. If a collapsed vein that is not entirely attached is found, other information should be included in the diagnosis.
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