Childhood Obesity……Challenges Facing Families and Social Change
Keywords:
school-aged children, food consumption behavior, nutrition labelling, family, schoolAbstract
There has been increasing in the prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity in Thai children during past two decades. The situation is considered as major public health problem as that the consequence of obesity could have large impact on quality of life and long-term health care cost. Besides hereditary factor, the improper food consumption and lifestyle behaviors among school-aged children are the crucial causative factors. Frequent consumption of diet containing high energy, fat, sugar and sodium content could lead to the development of non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs). Prevention of childhood obesity is, therefore, urgent strategy to improve nutritional status and well-being in children. Several strategies involve the integrated program activities; i.e., the provision of nutrition education, dietary modification to limit excess nutrient intakes in obese children and the motivation to increase children’s physical activities level. Family can help to achieve weight control in their child by adopting the change in parents’ attitude and child feeding practices. For school setting, healthy school lunch should be offered to all children as well as more available time to increase their physical activities in school. For public campaign, nutrition labelling and healthier choice logo are used as nutrition tools to disseminate nutrition information to the consumers and to guide them how to choose healthy foods. Community participation is also the important component to prevent obesity problem. Key element of activities involve the provision of nutrition education, management on healthy food service, promotion of active lifestyle as well as the routine self-assessment and monitoring on people’s nutritional status. These integrated activities will be the promising way in childhood obesity prevention in the long run.
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Rahman AA, Jomaa L, Kahale LA, Adair P, Pine C. Effectiveness of behavioral interventions to reduce the intake of sugar-sweetened beverages in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Rev. 2017; 76(2):88-107.
Vargas-Garcia EJ, Evans CEL, Prestwich A, Sykes-Muskett BJ, Hooson J, Cade JE. Interventions to reduce consumption of sugar sweetened beverages or increase water intake: evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev. 2017; 18:1350-63.
Kriemle S, Zahner L, Schindle C, Meye U, Hartmann T, Hebestreit H, et al. Effect of school based physical activity programme (KISS) on fitness and adiposity in primary school children: cluster randomized controlled trial. BMJ. 2010; 340:c785;p1-8.
Strong WB, Malina RM, Blimkie CJ, Daniels SR, Dishman RK, Gutin B, et al. Evidence based physical activity for school-age youth. J Pediatr. 2005; 146:732–7.
ศูนย์การเรียนรู้เด็กไทยแก้มใส 2562 [เข้าถึงเมื่อ 30 กรกฎาคม 2562] เข้าถึงจาก https://www.dekthaikamsai.com/
สำนักอาหาร สำนักงานคณะกรรมการอาหารและยา ประกาศกระทรวงสาธารณสุข ฉบับที่ 182 พ.ศ.2541 เรื่อง ฉลากโภชนาการ.
ดาวรุ่ง คําวงศ์, อุกฤษฏ์ สิทธิบุศย์, ปิยะ ไทยเหนือ. การรับรู้และการใช้ข้อมูลบนฉลากอาหารของนักศึกษาวิทยาลัยการสาธารณสุขสิรินธร จังหวัดชลบุรี ไทยเภสัชศาสตร์และวิทยาการสุขภาพ 2557; 9(2):39-46.
ประไพศรี ศิริจักรวาล, ประภาศรี ภูวเสถียร, อชิรญา คําจันทร์ศุภสิน. การศึกษาทัศนคติ ความรู้ความเข้าใจของผู้บริโภค เกี่ยวกับข้อมูลโภชนาการบนฉลากอาหารและการนําไปใช้. รายงานฉบับสมบูรณ์โครงการปรับปรุงประกาศฯ ว่าด้วยเรื่อง ฉลากโภชนาการ สํานักงานคณะกรรมการอาหารและยา; มีนาคม 2551.
สำนักอาหาร สำนักงานคณะกรรมการอาหารและยา ประกาศกระทรวงสาธารณสุข ฉบับที่ 374 พศ. 2559 เรื่องอาหารที่ต้องแสดงฉลากโภชนาการและค่าพลังงาน น้ำตาล ไขมันและโซเดียมแบบจีดีเอ
สุลัดดา พงษ์อุทธา, จริาภรณ์ ยอดเถื่อน, ภาวิน ตันตยาภิรักษ์, อารยะ โรจนวณิชชากร, ชัชวาลย์ เผ่าเพ็ง. การศึกษาความเข้าใจและการใช้ฉลากโภชนาการหน้าบรรจุภัณฑ์ (Front-of-pack labeling) ของประชากรไทย. มูลนิธิเพื่อการพัฒนานโยบายสุขภาพระหว่างประเทศ และสำนักอาหาร สำนักงานคณะกรรมการอาหารและยา รายงานฉบับสมบูรณ์; 2558.
สำนักอาหาร สำนักงานคณะกรรมการอาหารและยา ประกาศกระทรวงสาธารณสุข ฉบับที่ 373 พ.ศ. 2559 เรื่องการแสดงสัญลักษณ์โภชนาการบนฉลากอาหาร.
สำนักอาหาร สำนักงานคณะกรรมการอาหารและยา ประกาศคณะอนุกรรมการพัฒนาและส่งเสริมการใช้สัญลักษณ์โภชนาการอย่างง่ายเรื่องเกณฑ์สารอาหารหรือคุณค่าทางโภชนาการที่ใช้ประกอบการพิจารณารับรองการแสดงสัญลักษณ์โภชนาการ "ทางเลือกสุขภาพ"ในอาหารแต่ละกลุ่ม (ฉบับที่2)26 พฤษภาคม พ.ศ. 2560.
Kriengsinyos W, Chan P, Amarra MSV. Consumption and sources of added sugar in Thailand: a review. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2018; 27(2):262-83.
Tax Policy Bureau. Is there any change on EXCISE Act BE 2560 (2017). Tax Policy J. 2018; 2(6):1-5(in Thai).
กมลพัฒน์ มากแจ้ง, สุลัดดา พงษ์อุทธา. การติดตามราคาและปริมาณน้ำตาลในเครื่องดื่มที่มีน้ำตาลก่อนและหลังการปรับโครงสร้างภาษีสรรพสามิตเครื่องดื่มที่มีน้ำตาลของประเทศไทย วารสารวิจัยระบบสาธารณสุข 2562; 13(2):128-44.
Bleich SN, Segal J, Wu Y, Wilson R, Wang Y. Systematic review of community-based childhood obesity prevention studies. Pediatrics. 2013; 132(1):e201-10.
An R, Shen J, Yang Q, Yang Y. Impact of built environment on physical activity and obesity among children and adolescents in China: A narrative systematic review. J Sport Health Sci. 2019; 8(2):153-69.
Sallis JF, Floyd MF, Rodrıguez DA, Saelens BE. Role of built environments in physical activity, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. Circulation. 2012; 125:729-37.
Vine M, Hargreaves MB, Briefel RR, Orfield C. Expanding the role of primary care in the prevention and treatment of childhood obesity: a review of clinic and community-based recommendations and interventions. J Obes. 2013; 172035:1-17.
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