The Test-Retest Reliability and Minimal Detectable Change of 3D Motion Analysis for Reactive Balance Assessment Among Older Adults
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Abstract
Introduction: Older adults may have poor balance and postural control, leading to falls. Reactive balance is the ability to control balance in response to mechanical disturbances. A reactive balance assessment (RBA) should be performed using 3D motion analysis to evaluate fall-related capacity to back equivalence with accuracy data. Testing is required to ensure that this assessment is reliable. This study aimed to evaluate RBA's test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change (MDC) in older adults.
Methods: The study was conducted with 20 older adult women (Age mean±SD: 64.60±3.66). 3D motion analysis was applied to evaluate the reliability of RBA. The 29 reflective markers were placed on each participant’s body in accordance with the Helen Hays marker set model, and one marker was attached to the rope by one rater. It was asked to conduct forward-direction compensatory stepping correction on two separate days within the span of one week. The center of mass (COM) displacement and reaction time were collected from the RBA. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC (3,1)), standard error of measurement (SEM), coefficient of stability (r), and MDC for COM displacement and reaction time were calculated between sessions.
Results: The ICC (3,1) values for COM displacement and reaction time were 0.79 and 0.83, respectively. They indicated good reliability for both variables (ICC (3,1)=0.75-0.9). The MDC values for COM displacement and reaction time were 50.30 mm and 0.49 seconds, respectively. The coefficient of stability for COM displacement was 0.79, while for reaction time, it measured 0.84. These coefficient values indicated a strong correlation (r=0.70-0.89) within the respective datasets.
Conclusion: RBA had good test-retest reliability for both COM displacement and reaction time, with an acceptable MDC and a strong stability coefficient. Therefore, this technology's capability to deliver accurate assessments can lead to better monitoring of reactive balance impairments in older adults.
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