Factors Effecting to Policy Implementation to Accessibility COVID-19 Vaccine in Phetchabun Province, Thailand
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Abstract
Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-019) emerged in late 2019 and became the pandemic with a number of infections and deaths worldwide. The study aimed to determine factors associated with the policy implementation to accessibility of COVID-19 vaccine.
Methods: A cross-sectional was used to gather data from participants who were health workers who worked at health promoting hospitals in Phetchabun Province, in fiscal year 2022. A systematic random sampling was used. Data collected by validated questionnaires consisted of personal characteristics, health service system according to six building blocks, participation, and policy implementation to improve accessibility COVID-19 vaccine. Questions were validated by three experts in the field and piloted. Cronbach’s coefficient alpha was found at 0.94. Data analyzed using correlation and regression analyses.
Results: Majority of participants were female (70.25%), 30-49 years (59.09%) and Buddhist (61.9%). A half of participants (54.96%) were married or ever married, 85.54% hold a bachelor degree, 57.85% had family monthly income between 10,000-30,000 baht, 35.12% were public health professionals, and 23.97% were registered nurses. A large proportion (47.52%) had their working experience less than 10 years, and 52.89% received COVID-19 information twice per year. In the health service system, it was found that health service, medical materials, and health information and good government were highly correlated with the COVID-19 vaccine implementation. While dimension of the participating process, action was found to have the highest correlation with theCOVID-19 vaccine implementation. Five variables were found to be good predictors to the policy implementation to accessibility of COVID-19 vaccine; health workforce, action, doing activities, health information system and planning.
Conclusion: To ensure the policy implementation of COVID-19 vaccine, policy makers should focus on the elements of health workforce, action, doing activities, health information system and planning.
Keywords: Coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19, Vaccine, Policy implementation
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