The Development of Prevention Model for Coronavirus Disease 2019 by the Community Participatory Action in Nakhon Phanom Province

Abstract

This action research study aimed to develop the prevention model for Coronavirus disease 2019 by the community participatory action in Nakhon Phanom province. There were 3 steps; 1) studied the situation and determined the factors associated with preventive behaviors towards Coronavirus disease among 559 inhabitants using the questionnaire,  2) created the prevention model for Coronavirus disease 2019 by using the Appreciation Influence Control (AIC) methods in 2 pilot districts and 3) evaluated the prevention model after the model application; data were collected by an interviewing using the questionnaire and group discussion in 60 community representatives from 2 communities in 30 persons per each community. The descriptive statistics and inferential statistics including percentage, mean, standard deviation, paired t-test and multiple linear regression were applied. The study results shown that 1) the factors associated with preventive behaviors towards Coronavirus Disease 2019 were perceived self-efficacy (β = 0.35, p < 0.001), perceived benefits (β = 0.08, p = 0.027), perceived media by source (β = 0.16, p < 0.001) and perceived media by rural information center (β = 0.12, p < 0.001),    2) developed the preventive models for the Coronavirus Disease 2019 via community declarations including the “Heartily promise to wear a mask”, the “Cuckoos look after baby” for isolation and surveillance the vulnerable groups entering the villages, the “Tell the truths” for communicating and educating about the prevention of Coronavirus disease 2019 and the “Tell kids the true news” for communicating in order to prevent the descendants who are vulnerable returning to the village and 3) after using the  developed preventive models; the mean score of perceived self-efficacy and preventive behaviors towards Coronavirus disease 2019 increased statistically significant (p < 0.001).  Lessons learned from this study including the empirical information builds a credibility of the perception, the development of prevention model for Coronavirus disease 2019 using the AIC approach, promoting the perceived self-efficacy and perceived media by community participation will be useful for defining the control measures for prevention and controls the outbreak of the Coronavirus disease 2019 in the local and national levels.