Report of leptospirosis outbreak in Sri Bun Rueang District, Nong Bua Lam Phu Province, November 2011

Abstract

Background:  The personal of Epidemiology section  Office of Disease Prevention and Control, Khon Kaen Province has analyzed surveillance system 506, and it was found that Leptospirosis increased sharply in Sri Bun Rueang  District, Nong Bua Lam Phu Province. That has been the first position in Regional public health service network 12 for 30 days since the first day when the disease was discovered. Surveillance and Rapid Response Team of region 6 in Khon Kaen Province cooperated with Nong Bua Lam Phu and local team to verify diagnosis, and outbreak, epidemiological studies and recommend prevention and control measures of outbreak during 8 – 11 September 2011

Method: This is descriptive epidemiology. There were definitions of leptospirosis suspected case whose patient presented with at least one symptom of  acute febrile illness,  severe headache,  severe fibromyalgia, conjunctivitis,  chilling,  coughing,  dark urine,  stiff neck and occasional fibromyalgia.  The patient who admitted in Sri Bun Rueang  hospital during 1^st September to 31^st October 2011 was drawn blood for test by Latex agglutination test,  if  the patient whose result was positive must be report to leptospirosis.  Patients’ serum needed to be collected to confirm result of investigation by IFA method at Udonthani department of medical science.

Result:  Medical record revision from 1^st January to 11^th September 2011 showed that 102 of 123 patients whom received treatment which were 117.72 of Incidence density rate per 100,000 people were male (82.93%) and 21 were female (17.07%).    It was discovered that the number of patients increased in June and reached the top at July according to the highest curve. The symptoms of patient were acute febrile illness (88.45%) and severe fibromyalgia (63.31%) denote and severe headache (44.62%). When having random blood test of the 16 patients, it was found that 6 of them (37.5%) provided positive result. The random interview was used for 15 patients from 130 of them. The result showed that 53.33% of them lived in slum, another 53.33% live in over flowing water and wet soil area,   53.33% of them stayed in slow running water area, 68.75% of them were in touch with water 6 hours per day and 68.75 % were directly in touch with water.

Conclusion: There was Leptospirosis outbreak in Sri Bun Rueang  District, but there was no relationship between patients and no patients stayed in the same house. Thus, the hospitals which were reported to have continuously increased in number of patient should laboratories to confirm diagnosis and investigate groups of patients.