Prenatal screening for severe Thalassemia in health service area 7 ,Thailand

Abstract

          Thalassemia is  the disease is a group of inherrited  autosomal recessive blood disorder . Thai national policy for prevention and control thalassemia emphasized on 3 severe thalassemia disease  such as homozygous

β-thalassemia, β-thal/ Hb E  and Hemoglobin Bart’s hydrop fetalis. The effectiveness of prevention and control program in communities can reduce the new serious patients.    Regional   Medical Science Center 7 ^th Khon Kaen collaborated with Ministry of Public Health to control and prevent new cases Thalassemia from  1997  until now. Our study was done on 18,461 subjects in patient and pregnancy with her husband in health service area 7 of Thailand during 2011-2012. The sample were performed  Hb typing  , ∞-thalassemia 1 trait and β-thalssemia mutation . The results of our study 67.4% found to be abnormal hemoglobin. Prenatal screening for 7,649 couples, we found risk couples of thalassemia  such as Hb Bart’s Hydrop fetalis, Homozygous β-thalassemia and β-thalassemia/HbE 1.18%, 0.01% and 2.27% respectively. Thus, the screening for thalassemia cariers,  we found that  ∞-thalassemia 1 trait  SEA deletion  13.6%,  Thai  deletion  0.11%.  The  confirmatory testing for β-thalassemia trait 71  cases were  β-thalassemia mutation positive 91.5% and 78.5% severe type.  This evidence support that control and prevention thalassemia plan should participate with boundary partners.