Malaria Vector Bionomics in New Foci for Thailand's Disease Elimination Strategy
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Abstract
Thailand has set a goal to eliminate malaria by 2026. However, in 2022, the number of malaria cases increased to 10,155 with 301 new foci reported areas that had been free of transmission for more than three years. The research aimed to study the bionomics of malaria vectors in these new foci, focusing on geographical and seasonal variation, in order to provide evidence for effective control strategies and policy development. This cross - sectional study was carried out in 127 of the 301 new foci (42.19%) covering 35 provinces in six regions from 2023 to 2024. Mosquitoes were collected using the WHO Human Landing Collection (HLC) method. Three main vector species (Anopheles minimus, An. dirus, and An. maculatus) were found in 83.5% of surveyed sites, indicating vectorial capacity. Most vectors (73.2%) exhibited outdoor biting behavior with peak biting activities occurring between 20:00 and 22:00 hours. Regional variation was evident: the western region showed the highest prevalence (92.0%), while the southern region recorded the highest mosquito density (3.57 mosquitoes/h). These findings highlight the need to expand vector control strategies beyond indoor measures to include indoor intervention, tailored responses based on local risk contexts, and intensified prevention in high - risk areas. Such approaches are essential to prevent re - establishment of transmission and to achieve and sustain malaria elimination in Thailand.
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ข้อลิขสิทธิ์วารสาร
บทความหรือข้อคิดเห็นใดๆ ที่ปรากฏในวารสารวิชาการป้องกันควบคุมโรค สคร. 2 พิษณุโลก เป็นวรรณกรรมของผู้เขียน กองบรรณาธิการวิชาการ และ สำนักงานป้องกันควบคุมโรคที่ 2 จังหวัดพิษณุโลกไม่จำเป็นต้องเห็นพ้องด้วยทั้งหมดหรือร่วมรับผืิดชอบใดๆ
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